20260721 CDTL NRM D21 16 March 1973 21. Thư của Tổng thống Nixon gửi Chủ tịch Trung Quốc Mao Trạch Đông.
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d21
Google Translated
Tài liệu số 21
Quan hệ Đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ, 1969–1976, Tập XVIII, Trung Quốc, 1973–1976
21. Thư của Tổng thống Nixon gửi Chủ tịch Trung Quốc Mao Trạch Đông.
Washington, ngày 16 tháng 3 năm 1973.
Thưa Chủ tịch:
Tiến sĩ Kissinger đã báo cáo đầy đủ với tôi về chuyến thăm gần đây nhất của ông tới Cộng hòa Nhân dân Trung Hoa, và đặc biệt là về cuộc trao đổi giữa ông và Ngài.
Trước hết, tôi xin bày tỏ sự cảm kích trước cử chỉ thân tình của Ngài khi tiếp đón Tiến sĩ Kissinger. Sự kiện này là minh chứng cho thế giới thấy những bước tiến quan trọng trong quan hệ giữa hai bên, đồng thời khẳng định quyết tâm chung của chúng ta trong việc tiếp tục tiến tới bình thường hóa hoàn toàn quan hệ. Tôi cũng rất trân trọng thông điệp tốt đẹp mà Ngài dành cho tôi, vốn đã được đề cập trong thông báo về cuộc gặp này.
Cuộc thảo luận thẳng thắn và sâu rộng của ông với Tiến sĩ Kissinger là sự triển khai rất tích cực cho những cuộc trao đổi giữa chúng ta cách đây một năm – những cuộc trao đổi mà tôi vẫn luôn nhớ lại với tình cảm nồng ấm. Tôi muốn tái khẳng định mọi nguyên tắc cơ bản mà Tiến sĩ Kissinger đã thay mặt tôi trình bày với ông. Sự toàn vẹn của Trung Quốc là một yếu tố nền tảng trong chính sách đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ. Chúng tôi tin rằng sự vững mạnh và độc lập của đất nước ông phù hợp với lợi ích quốc gia của Hoa Kỳ cũng như lợi ích của hòa bình thế giới. Cách tiếp cận của chúng tôi trên trường quốc tế sẽ phản ánh quan điểm này.
Qua các cuộc hội đàm giữa Kissinger với ngài và Thủ tướng Chu Ân Lai, chúng ta ngày càng có nhiều quan điểm chung về tình hình thế giới. Chúng tôi rất hài lòng về tiến trình đối thoại và những bước đi cụ thể đang được thực hiện để đẩy nhanh quá trình bình thường hóa quan hệ giữa hai nước. [Trang 228]
Tôi nghĩ chúng ta có thể nhìn lại giai đoạn gần đây với một cảm giác thành tựu thực sự. Nhiệm vụ chung của chúng ta hiện nay là tiếp tục tiến bước trên con đường mà chúng ta đã vạch ra. Đây sẽ là chính sách kiên định của Hoa Kỳ.
Trân trọng,
Richard Nixon.
1. Nguồn: Cơ quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia, Tài liệu Tổng thống Nixon, Hồ sơ NSC, Hồ sơ Văn phòng Kissinger, Hộp 94, Hồ sơ Quốc gia, Viễn Đông, Các cuộc trao đổi với Tầu cộng, ngày 1 tháng 1 – ngày 14 tháng 4 năm 1973. Không có dấu phân loại mật. Tổng thống nhận được bức thư này để phê duyệt và ký tên, kèm theo bản ghi nhớ đề ngày 8 tháng 3 của Kissinger. (Sđd.) Lord đã trao bức thư cho Trang Nghiêm (Chuang Yen), Phó đại diện của CHND Trung Hoa tại Liên Hợp Quốc, vào ngày 17 tháng 3 trong một cuộc gặp tại Phái đoàn CHND Trung Hoa bên cạnh Liên Hợp Quốc. (Sđd.)↩
2. Nixon đã viết thêm dòng tái bút sau đây bằng tay: “Những mối nguy hiểm chung và lợi ích chung đã gắn kết hai quốc gia chúng ta lại với nhau vào thời điểm mang tính bước ngoặt này của lịch sử. Tôi dự định sẽ làm tất cả những gì có thể để bảo đảm rằng không điều gì chia rẽ chúng ta trong suốt nhiệm kỳ Tổng thống của tôi. RN”↩
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/sources
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/terms
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/persons
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/comp1
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/ch1
1. Document 21
Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume XVIII, China, 1973–1976
21. Letter From President Nixon to Chinese Chairman Mao Zedong1
Washington, March 16, 1973.
Dear Mr. Chairman:
Dr. Kissinger has reported to me fully on his most recent visit to the People’s Republic of China and especially his conversation with you.
Let me first express my appreciation for your gracious gesture of receiving Dr. Kissinger. This was evidence to the world of the major progress we have made in our relations and underscored our joint determination to continue on the path toward full normalization. I am grateful for your kind message to me which was also specified in the announcement of the meeting.
Your frank and wide-ranging discussion with Dr. Kissinger was a very positive elaboration of our own talks a year ago which I recall with great warmth. I wish to reaffirm all the basic principles that Dr. Kissinger expressed to you on my behalf. The integrity of China is a fundamental element in American foreign policy. We believe that the viability and independence of your country is in the U.S. national interest and the interest of world peace. Our international approach will reflect this view.
While our two countries will continue to have differences, it is clear from Dr. Kissinger’s talks with you and Prime Minister Chou Enlai that we increasingly share common views about the world situation. We take great satisfaction in the progress of our dialogue and the specific steps that are now being taken to accelerate the normalization of our relations.
I think we can look back on this recent period with a genuine sense of accomplishment. Our joint task now is to continue advancing on the course we have well established. This will be the firm policy of the United States.
Sincerely,
Richard Nixon 2
1. Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 94, Country Files, Far East, China Exchanges, January 1–April 14, 1973. No classification marking. The President received this letter for his approval and signature under a March 8 covering memorandum from Kissinger. (Ibid.) Lord gave it to Chuang Yen, Deputy PRC Representative to the United Nations, on March 17, during a meeting at the PRC Mission to the United Nations. (Ibid.)↩
2. Nixon added the following handwritten postscript: “Our common dangers and our common interests have drawn our two nations together at this critical juncture in history. I intend to do everything I can to see that nothing drives us apart during my service as President. RN”↩
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d21
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_228
Thân thế (các) nhân vật
Premier of the People’s Republic of China; member, Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party’s Political Bureau
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d139
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/zhou-enlai-talking-ho-chi-minh
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86538&fo[0]=86538
Tài liệu Chu Ân Lai yêu cầu Hoa Kỳ loại bỏ Tổng Thống Nguyễn Văn Thiệu và dùng Dương Văn Minh để lật đổ hai nền Đệ I và Đệ II VNCH.
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/discussion-between-zhou-enlai-and-le-duc-tho
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/89367/download
Henry A Kissinger
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger
https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip
https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china
http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html
https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War
Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”
(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006, Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges] (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
Discover the Truth at:
https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/
The secret life of Henry Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger
https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm
Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations In Vietnam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g
Henry Kissinger - Secrets of a superpower | DW Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWVMTKeAwlA
The Untold Truth of Henry Kissinger
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iheZdvWdbI&t=1s
Was Henry Kissinger a War Criminal?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COqq7862wcU&t=25s
member, National Security Council staff until 1973; Director of the Policy Planning Staff, Department of State from October 1973 until January 1977
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Lord
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_Policy_Planning
https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/19981208.pdf
https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/19991104.pdf
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/22669-document-04-winston-lord-director-policy
https://www.ncafp.org/about-us/faps-board-of-advisors/ambassador-winston-lord/
Chairman of the Central Committee of the People’s Republic of China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)
https://www.biography.com/political-figures/mao-tse-tung
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Mao_Zedong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Guards
Nixon Richard M.,
Vice President of the United States
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon, Richard M.,
President of the United States
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china
http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman
The Vietnam War Johnson and Nixon Administrations Videos
March 2, 2016 Last Aired May 5, 2016
https://www.c-span.org/program/the-presidency/reflections-on-richard-nixon/431130
July 16, 1973 Last Aired July 22, 2013
Senate Watergate Committee Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/program/vignette/senate-watergate-committee-testimony/316346
April 26, 2016 Last Aired June 5, 2016
Vietnam War Commander in Chief
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/vietnam-war-commanders-in-chief/439971
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Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 2
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President Nixon's Secret White House Tapes
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/president-nixons-secret-white-house-tapes/277123
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Watergate: Corruption of American Politics
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/watergate-corruption-of-american-politics/119480
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Presidential Tapes: Taping Systems History
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/presidential-tapes-taping-systems-history/122572
Alexander Butterfield: The 60 Minutes Watergate Interview (1975)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss9AkLUmM4g
Watergate Hearing: Alexander Butterfield Testimony
Alexander Butterfield Was ‘Worried To Death’ Testifying Against Nixon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c52oIe3Gj6w
How Nixon’s Invasion of Cambodia Triggered a Check on Presidential Power
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https://www.history.com/articles/nixon-war-powers-act-vietnam-war-cambodia
Nixon's Vietnam Visit 1965, Rare Film Unearthed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaTi8OEpINI
Nixon on LBJ and Vietnam: Where Did It All Go Wrong?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n-4o3vOYD4
1969 July 30_Tổng Thống Hoa Kỳ 🇺🇸 Richard M. Nixon Thăm Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRp4v6M6YJw&t=19s
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