20260821 CDTL NRM D52 26 September 1973 52. Lời dẫn của
Ban biên tập
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d52
Google Translated
52. Lời dẫn của Ban biên tập
Vào ngày 26 tháng 9 năm 1973, Ngoại trưởng mới
nhậm chức Henry Kissinger đã gặp ông Hoàng Hoa, đại diện của Cộng
hòa Nhân dân Tầu cộng tại Liên Hợp Quốc. Kissinger
đã phân tích mối quan hệ Mỹ - Trung tại Liên Hợp Quốc và tuyên bố:
"Vấn đề duy nhất mà tôi thấy có thể gây khó khăn cho chúng ta là vấn đề Triều
Tiên. Chúng tôi đã chuyển tải những [Trang 322] suy nghĩ của mình tới phía
các ông cách đây vài tháng. Chúng tôi cho rằng cần phải kiềm chế, tránh xảy ra
đối đầu, bởi vì chúng ta đang đi theo hướng mà Thủ tướng và tôi đã thảo
luận."
Kissinger
cũng lưu ý: “Chúng tôi đã đồng ý giải thể UNCURK. Nếu chúng ta có thể tạm
gác vấn đề Bộ chỉ huy Liên Hợp Quốc lại trong ít nhất một năm... Vấn đề
hiện nay là hiệp định đình chiến phụ thuộc vào sự tồn tại của Bộ chỉ huy
Liên Hợp Quốc. Việc tạm gác này sẽ tạo cơ hội để chúng tôi xem xét và cùng
các ông giải quyết vấn đề này, cũng như xây dựng các cơ chế pháp lý thay thế.” Hoàng
Hoa gợi ý: “Nếu các ông có thể thuyết phục Hàn Quốc từ bỏ lập
trường duy trì sự chia cắt bán đảo Triều Tiên – điều đi ngược lại các thỏa
thuận giữa hai bên – thì tôi nghĩ điều này sẽ góp phần thúc đẩy sự hòa giải và
giảm bớt căng thẳng trong khu vực.” Cụ thể, Hoàng Hoa đề nghị Tổng
thống Hàn Quốc Park Chung-hee từ bỏ đề xuất kết nạp cả hai miền Triều
Tiên vào Liên Hợp Quốc. Tuy nhiên, Kissinger đã từ chối đưa
ra cam kết về vấn đề này. Biên bản cuộc hội đàm hiện được lưu giữ tại Cơ
quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia (National Archives), trong bộ sưu tập Tài liệu Tổng
thống Nixon (Nixon Presidential Materials), Hồ sơ Hội đồng An
ninh Quốc gia (NSC Files), Hồ sơ Văn phòng Kissinger (Kissinger Office
Files), Hộp 95, Hồ sơ Quốc gia (Country Files), mục Viễn
Đông – Trao đổi với Tầu cộng (Far East, China Exchanges),
giai đoạn từ ngày 10 tháng 7 đến ngày 31 tháng 10 năm 1973.
Vào ngày 29 tháng 9, Kissinger đã gặp Đại
sứ Hoàng Trấn, Trưởng Văn phòng Liên lạc của Cộng hòa Nhân
dân Tầu cộng, để tiếp tục các cuộc thảo luận diễn ra vào tháng 7 tại
"Tòa Bạch Ốc miền Tây" ở San Clemente, California, về mối
đe dọa từ Liên Xô đối với Tầu cộng (xem Tài liệu 41). Kissinger
đã hoãn việc thảo luận sâu về chủ đề này cho đến chuyến thăm Tầu cộng dự
kiến vào cuối tháng 10: "Tôi cũng muốn đi sâu hơn vào vấn đề mà tôi đã
thảo luận với ông tại San Clemente, vấn đề nảy sinh từ các cuộc gặp hồi
tháng 6 (với Brezhnev). Tôi muốn thảo luận về những diễn biến liên quan
đến vấn đề đó kể từ tháng 6. Tôi đề nghị rằng bất kỳ cuộc họp nào về vấn đề cụ
thể này nên được tiến hành trong một nhóm hạn chế thành phần tham dự, như chúng
ta đã từng làm trước đây." Ngoại trưởng cũng tuyên bố: "Nếu có bất kỳ
câu hỏi nào liên quan đến các diễn biến tại Đông Nam Á, chúng tôi rất sẵn
lòng thảo luận, nhưng chúng tôi không yêu cầu phía các ông phải hành động gì
vào lúc này. Chúng tôi cũng sẵn sàng thảo luận về các diễn biến tại Nam Á
– khu vực bao gồm Iran, Pakistan và Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ – cũng như các vấn đề tại
khu vực này mà chúng tôi đã thảo luận với Thủ tướng trước đó. Và tất
nhiên, còn có vấn đề Đài Loan, Nhật Bản, cũng như bất kỳ vấn đề nào khác
mà Thủ tướng muốn thảo luận." Bản ghi nhớ cuộc hội đàm này hiện lưu
tại Cơ quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia, trong bộ sưu tập Tài liệu Tổng thống
Nixon, Hồ sơ Hội đồng An ninh Quốc gia (NSC), Hồ sơ Văn
phòng Kissinger, Hộp 95, Hồ sơ Quốc gia, Viễn Đông, Các cuộc trao đổi
với Tầu cộng, giai đoạn 10/7–31/10/1973.
Vào ngày 25 tháng 10, Cơ quan Tình báo Trung ương
(CIA) đã công bố bản Ước tính Tình báo Quốc gia số 11/13/6–73 với
tiêu đề “Những thay đổi có thể xảy ra trong quan hệ Trung-Xô”; văn bản
này kết luận rằng quan hệ giữa hai bên khó có khả năng cải thiện trong vài năm
tới, nhưng nguy cơ xảy ra chiến tranh cũng là điều khó xảy ra. Về dài hạn, báo
cáo dự báo rằng “việc tiến xa hơn các bước dàn xếp hạn chế để đạt tới sự hòa giải
thực sự và bền vững... dường như rất khó xảy ra, ngay cả trong giai đoạn từ nay
đến năm 1980.” (Hội đồng Tình báo Quốc gia, [Trang 323] *Tracking the
Dragon*, các trang 615–630) Một tháng trước đó, bản Ước tính Tình báo
Quốc gia số 11–13–73 mang tên “Quan hệ Trung-Xô: Các khía cạnh
quân sự”, đề ngày 20 tháng 9, cũng đã dự báo rằng khả năng xảy ra chiến
tranh giữa Liên Xô và Tầu cộng là thấp. (Sđd, từ đĩa CD
đính kèm chứa các tài liệu bổ sung) Sources
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/sources
Abbreviations and Terms
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/terms
Persons
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/persons
China, 1973–1976
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/comp1
Political Turmoil in the United States, June 1973–September
1974 (Documents 35–87)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/ch2
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d52
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_323
1. Document 52
Foreign Relations of the United
States, 1969–1976, Volume XVIII, China, 1973–1976
52. Editorial Note
On September 26, 1973, newly appointed Secretary of State Henry Kissinger
met with People’s Republic of China Representative to the United Nations Huang
Hua. Kissinger analyzed the U.S.–PRC relationship in the United Nations and
declared, “the only issue that I see that could give us some difficulty is
Korea. We conveyed our [Page 322] thoughts to you some
months ago. We think we should show restraint in having a confrontation because
we are moving in the direction which the Prime Minister and I discussed.”
Kissinger also noted, “We have agreed to the dissolution of UNCURK. If we
could shelve the issue of the United Nations Command for one year at least. The
problem now is that the armistice depends on the existence of the UN Command.
That will give us an opportunity to look and work with you on this and to
develop alternative legal arrangements.” Huang Hua suggested, “If you could
persuade South Korea to give up its position of perpetuating a division of
Korea in contradiction of agreements between the two sides, I think this will
help with rapprochement and relaxation in that area.” In particular, Huang Hua
suggested that South Korean President Park Chung Hee abandon his proposal to
have both Koreas admitted into the United Nations. Kissinger, however, refused
to commit himself on this question. The memorandum of conversation is in
National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office
Files, Box 95, Country Files, Far East, China Exchanges, July 10–Oct. 31, 1973.
On September 29, Kissinger met with Ambassador Huang Zhen, Chief of the
People’s Republic of China Liaison Office, to follow up on discussions they had
in July at the Western White House in San Clemente, California, on the Soviet
threat to China (see Document 41). Kissinger deferred serious
discussion on this topic until his visit to China scheduled for late October:
“I also wish to go further into that problem which I discussed with you in San
Clemente, the one which grew out of the June meetings (with Brezhnev). I want
to discuss developments in that respect since June. I propose that any meeting
on this particular issue be carried out in a restricted group, as we have done
in the past.” The Secretary of State also declared, “If there are any questions
regarding developments in Southeast Asia we will be glad to discuss them, but
we are not asking you to do anything in this regard now. We will also be
prepared to discuss developments in South Asia, the area of Iran, Pakistan, and
Turkey, the problems in this area that we discussed with the Premier before.
And of course, there is Taiwan, Japan, as well as any other problems the
Premier would like to discuss.” The memorandum of conversation is in National
Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box
95, Country Files, Far East, China Exchanges, July 10–Oct 31, 1973.
On October 25, the Central Intelligence Agency disseminated National
Intelligence Estimate 11/13/6–73, on “Possible Changes in the Sino-Soviet
Relationship,” which concluded that improvement in the relationship was
unlikely in the next couple of years, but that war was also improbable. In the
longer run, it predicted, “movement beyond limited accommodations toward a
genuine and durable rapprochement … seems highly unlikely, even through 1980.”
(National Intelligence [Page 323] Council, Tracking
the Dragon, pages 615–630) One month earlier, National Intelligence Estimate
11–13–73, “The Sino-Soviet Relationship: Military Aspects,” dated September 20,
predicted that war between the Soviet Union and China was unlikely. (Ibid., from
accompanying compact disk with additional documents)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d52
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_323
Thân thế (các) nhân vật
Brezhnev Leonid,
General Secretary of the Communist Party of
the Soviet Union
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonid-Ilich-Brezhnev
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union
https://www.britannica.com/place/Soviet-Union/The-Brezhnev-era
Huang Hua,
Counselor in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, People’s Republic of
China; Adviser and Spokesman for the P.R.C. Delegation at the Geneva
Conference.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Hua
https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/25/world/asia/25huang.html
https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zy/wjrw/3606_665551/202405/t20240531_11367612.html
https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-huang-hua-20101125-story.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/nov/25/huang-hua-obituary
https://www.thetimes.com/world/us-world/article/huang-hua-x2q6lmwwbh9?gaa_at=eafs&gaa_n=AWEtsqeZpd0zFmiHaDpEiiRHlY7CpBBjhF1RHK3uPMlNA_2TgweZkoDLDtQIsKBByQg%3D&gaa_ts=699222cf&gaa_sig=JSGWfLiZaDtnKyJ_VBb2HoiUrpOa-cmw4FBJhJZdY4YW8YR0wIAum2gRFNezI81-A-ZqiMBH_uQL_G91yUhMVw%3D%3D
https://www.the-independent.com/news/obituaries/huang-hua-politician-and-diplomat-who-played-a-leading-role-in-bringing-china-out-of-international-isolation-2152957.html
Huang Zhen (Huang Chen),
PRC Ambassador to France until March 1973; Chief of the PRC Liaison
Office in the United States from March 1973
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Zhen
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Huang_Zhen
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/72591.pdf
https://mediaclip.ina.fr/en/i24024268-huang-chen-the-traditional-friendship-of-the-french-and-chinese-peoples.html
https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB79/BEBB23.pdf
https://www.facebook.com/NixonPresidentialLibrary/posts/otd-5301973-president-nixon-met-to-discuss-us-china-relations-with-dr-henry-kiss/1102544875230224/
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/1552743.pdf
https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/236303/
https://cutt.ly/3tezOe3t
https://mediaclip.ina.fr/en/caf97507056-credentials-huang-chen-at-the-elysee.html
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/d12
Henry A Kissinger
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until
November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger
https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip
https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m
https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china
http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html
https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War
Lesson in Vietnam from
Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let
the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not
help them fight it.”
(We
also had trouble with excesses here: when we
made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again
became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we
prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared
themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force
invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006,
Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges]
(Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
Discover the Truth at:
http://www.theblackvault.com
https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/
The secret life of Henry
Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger
https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm
Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations In Vietnam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g
Henry Kissinger - Secrets of a superpower | DW Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWVMTKeAwlA
The Untold Truth of Henry Kissinger
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iheZdvWdbI&t=1s
Was Henry Kissinger a War Criminal?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COqq7862wcU&t=25s
Nixon Richard M.,
Vice President of the United States
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon, Richard M.,
President of the United States
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon
had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china
http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman
The Vietnam War Johnson
and Nixon Administrations Videos
March 2, 2016 Last
Aired May 5, 2016
Reflections on Richard Nixon
https://www.c-span.org/program/the-presidency/reflections-on-richard-nixon/431130
July 16, 1973 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Senate Watergate Committee Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/program/vignette/senate-watergate-committee-testimony/316346
April 26, 2016 Last Aired June 5, 2016
Vietnam War Commander in Chief
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/vietnam-war-commanders-in-chief/439971
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 2
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-2/258425
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 15, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 1
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-1/257651
January 27, 2012
Last Aired June 11, 2012
President Nixon's Secret White House Tapes
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/president-nixons-secret-white-house-tapes/277123
July 25, 1994 Last
Aired June 20, 2008
Watergate: Corruption of American Politics
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/watergate-corruption-of-american-politics/119480
February 16, 2003
Last Aired December 25, 2003
Presidential Tapes: Taping Systems History
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/presidential-tapes-taping-systems-history/122572
Alexander
Butterfield: The 60 Minutes Watergate Interview (1975)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss9AkLUmM4g
Watergate Hearing:
Alexander Butterfield Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/clip/congress-investigates/watergate-hearing-alexander-butterfield-testimony/5118203
Alexander
Butterfield Was ‘Worried To Death’ Testifying Against Nixon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c52oIe3Gj6w
How Nixon’s Invasion
of Cambodia Triggered a Check on Presidential Power
Vietnam War Cambodia
and Laos
https://www.history.com/articles/nixon-war-powers-act-vietnam-war-cambodia
Nixon's Vietnam Visit 1965, Rare Film Unearthed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaTi8OEpINI
Nixon on LBJ and Vietnam: Where Did It All Go Wrong?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n-4o3vOYD4
1969 July 30_Tổng Thống Hoa Kỳ 🇺🇸 Richard M. Nixon Thăm Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRp4v6M6YJw&t=19s
Park Chung Hee (Pak Chong-hui),
President of the ROK (South Korea)