Lãnh Thổ Lãnh Hải Việt-Nam

20260208 CDTL GRF 11 April 1975 D227 Điện tín từ Văn phòng liên lạc tại Trung Quốc gửi Bộ Ngoại giao và Đại sứ quán tại Campuchia.

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d227

Google Translated

Tài liệu 227

Quan hệ đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ, 1969–1976, Tập X, Việt Nam, tháng 1 năm 1973 – tháng 7 năm 1975

227. Điện tín từ Văn phòng Liên lạc tại Trung Quốc gửi Bộ Ngoại giao và Đại sứ quán tại Campuchia

Bắc Kinh, ngày 11 tháng 4 năm 1975, 2215Z.

684. Chủ đề: Liên lạc với Sihanouk. Tham chiếu: State 082877.

1. Holdridge đã gặp Phung tại phòng thuê của Malo lúc 6:15 sáng giờ Bắc Kinh (7:15 sáng giờ Phnom Penh) và truyền đạt hai điểm được nêu trong bức điện tham chiếu. Phung rõ ràng rất thất vọng về việc Hoa Kỳ di tản, đặc biệt là khi ông biết rằng Đại sứ Dean cũng sẽ rời đi. Về việc duy trì liên lạc với Sihanouk, ông nói rằng ông sẽ chuyển thông điệp và hy vọng có thể thiết lập một kênh liên lạc nào đó sau này ở Phnom Penh. Trong thời gian chờ đợi, cá nhân ông sẽ tiếp tục đóng vai trò là cầu nối ở Bắc Kinh.

2. Phụng sau đó cho biết ông đã gặp Sihanouk lúc 2 giờ sáng cùng đêm đó để thảo luận về thông điệp mà Holdridge đã chuyển cho ông trước đó. Theo Phụng, Sihanouk nói rằng kế hoạch của Mỹ đã quá trống, và hơn nữa, ông, Hoàng thân, không có quyền kiểm soát Khmer Đỏ. Sihanouk nhận định rằng, sau khi đã tiến gần đến chiến thắng quân sự, Khmer Đỏ sẽ không chấp nhận lệnh ngưng bắn vào lúc này. Sihanouk đã yêu cầu Phụng chuyển câu trả lời này cho Holdridge ngay lập tức, nhưng ông ấy đã không làm vậy vì không muốn làm phiền Malo giữa đêm.

3. Phung nói thêm rằng Sihanouk có lẽ sẽ chưa đến Phnom Penh trong một thời gian nữa, chắc chắn là không phải trong tương lai gần.

Lý do mà Phung đưa ra cho sự chậm trễ này là Sihanouk muốn đánh giá tình hình chung ở Phnom Penh trước khi trở về, nhưng rõ ràng là ảnh hưởng của Hoàng tử đối với Khmer Đỏ rất yếu nên ông phải chờ lời mời của họ, và lời mời đó có thể đến hoặc không, tùy thuộc vào việc họ đánh giá mức độ hữu ích của ông đối với họ.

4. Phung rất lo ngại về khả năng vai trò liên lạc của ông với Hoa Kỳ bị lộ ra ngoài. Ông cho rằng Phnom Penh đầy rẫy gián điệp Khmer Đỏ, và hy vọng rằng vai trò của ông trong những diễn biến gần đây có thể được giữ kín. Chúng tôi ở đây chắc chắn rất thông cảm với ông ấy về điểm này, và yêu cầu rằng nếu có thể làm bất cứ điều gì vào thời điểm muộn này để bảo vệ Phung, thì hãy thực hiện ngay lập tức.

Bush.

1. Nguồn: Thư viện Ford, Cố vấn An ninh Quốc gia, Hồ sơ quốc gia của Tổng thống về Đông Á và Thái Bình Dương, Hộp 15, Cộng hòa Nhân dân Trung Hoa, Điện tín của Bộ Ngoại giao, Gửi Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao, Nodis (5). Tuyệt mật; Nodis; Khẩn cấp.↩

2. Trong điện tín số 82877 gửi đến Bắc Kinh ngày 11 tháng 4, Kissinger đã chỉ thị cho Bush thông báo cho Phung về việc Mỹ di tản khỏi Phnom Penh. (Ibid., Hộp 14, Cộng hòa Nhân dân Trung Hoa, Điện tín của Bộ Ngoại giao, Từ Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao, Nodis, 6)↩

Sources

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/sources

Abbreviations and Terms

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/terms

Persons

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/persons

Note on U.S. Covert Actions

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/note

Vietnam, January 1973–July 1975

4. Document 227

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume X, Vietnam, January 1973–July 1975

227. Telegram From the Liaison Office in China to the Department of State and the Embassy in Cambodia1

Beijing, April 11, 1975, 2215Z.

684. Subject: Contact With Sihanouk. Ref: State 082877.2

Holdridge met with Phung in Malo’s apartment at 6:15 a.m. Peking time (7:15 a.m. Phnom Penh time) and conveyed two points contained in reftel. Phung was obviously disappointed over U.S. evacuation, and especially when he ascertained that Ambassador Dean would be leaving as well. As to maintaining communications with Sihanouk, he said he would convey message and hoped something could be set up later in Phnom Penh. In meantime he personally would continue to provide a link in Peking.

Phung then went on to note that he had met with Sihanouk at 2:00 a.m. that same night to discuss the message which Holdridge had provided him with earlier. According to Phung, Sihanouk said that the U.S. plan had come too late, and in addition he, the Prince, had no control over the Khmer Rouge. Sihanouk’s judgment was that having come this close to military victory, the Khmer Rouge would not accept a ceasefire now. Phung had been told by Sihanouk to deliver this response to Holdridge immediately, but had not done so out of reluctance to disturb Malo in the middle of the night.

Phung added that Sihanouk would probably not be traveling to Phnom Penh for some time yet, certainly not in the immediate future.

The rationale presented by Phung for the delay was that Sihanouk would want to assess the general situation in Phnom Penh before returning, but it seems evident that the Prince’s influence with the Khmer Rouge is so weak that he must await their invitation, which may or may not be forthcoming depending on their assessment of his usefulness to them.

Phung was greatly concerned about the possibility of his role as a contact with the U.S. leaking out. He claimed that Phnom Penh was filled with Khmer Rouge spies, and hoped that his part in recent developments could be kept quiet. We here certainly sympathize with him on this point, and request that if anything can be done at this late stage to safeguard Phung, it be done so immediately.

Bush

1. Source: Ford Library, National Security Adviser, Presidential Country Files for East Asia and the Pacific, Box 15, People’s Republic of China, State Department Telegrams, To SECSTATE, Nodis (5). Secret; Nodis; Flash.↩

2. In telegram 82877 to Beijing, April 11, Kissinger instructed Bush to inform Phung of the American evacuation from Phnom Penh. (Ibid., Box 14, People’s Republic of China, State Department Telegrams, From SECSTATE, Nodis, 6)↩

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/comp1

Collapse and Evacuation, February 26–July 22, 1975 (Documents 178–283)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/ch3

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d227

Thân thế (các) nhân vật/

Bush George H W.,

Head of the U.S. Liaison Office in Beijing from October 21, 1974, until December 7, 1975

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._W._Bush

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_of_the_U.S._Liaison_Office_to_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_National_Committee

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives

https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2023/1024/Bush-House-How-the-US-ambassador-s-home-in-China-got-its-name

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/china

https://www.state.gov/biographies-list/

https://www.state.gov/resources-bureau-of-global-talent-management/#ambassadors

https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/01/asia/george-h-w-bush-china-intl/index.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_China

https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/09usofficials/2009-05/31/content_7956346.htm

https://bush41library.tamu.edu/audiovisual/photos/35

Dean, John G.,

Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Vientiane until 1974; U.S. Ambassador to the Khmer Republic from April 3, 1974, until April 1975

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/11/obituaries/john-gunther-dean-dead.html

https://www.voacambodia.com/a/john-gunther-dean-us-diplomat-haunted-by-cambodia-dies/4956083.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gunther_Dean

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_India

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Thailand

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Lebanon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Denmark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Cambodia

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2019/06/13/john-gunther-dean-refugee-nazis-became-successful-us-diplomat/

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/dean-john-gunther

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/mali

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/cambodia

https://www.state.gov/biographies-list/

https://www.state.gov/resources-bureau-of-global-talent-management/#ambassadors

https://kh.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/policy-history/list-of-u-s-ambassadors-to-cambodia/

Ford, Gerald R.,

Republican Representative from Michigan until October 13, 1973; House Minority Leader until October 13, 1973; Vice President of the United States from October 13, 1973, until August 8, 1974; President of the United States from August 8, 1974

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Ford

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Minority_Leader

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_Republican_Conference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chair_of_the_House_Republican_Conference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives

https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/gerald-r-ford/

https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/

https://geraldrfordfoundation.org/gerald-r-ford-biography/

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/grf/timeline.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/research-guides/modern-biographical-files-ndl/modern-bios-f/ford-gerald.html

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/guides/findingaid/ford_vp_papers.asp

Holdridge, John H.,

member, National Security Council Operations staff/East Asia until April 1973; co-Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Beijing from 1973 until 1975

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_H._Holdridge

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Indonesia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_Republic_of_Singapore

https://www.uscpf.org/v2/johnholdridge.html

https://www.nndb.com/people/033/000127649/

https://www.uscpf.org/v2/holdridgebio.html

Henry A Kissinger

Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger

https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip

https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m

https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china

http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html

https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim

http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War

Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”

(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280

Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf

https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html

“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006, Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges] (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

Discover the Truth at:

http://www.theblackvault.com

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

The secret life of Henry Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger

https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm

Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations In Vietnam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g

Malo Charles

Deputy Chief of Mission of the French Embassy in the People’s Republic of China

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/persons

Sihanouk, Prince Norodom,

Norodom Sihanouk,

King of Cambodia to March 1955, thereafter Prince of Cambodia; Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, October 1955–January 1956; Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, and Minister of the Interior, March–April 1956; Prime Minister, September–October 1956; Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, Minister of Plans, and Minister of the Interior, April–July 1957

Cambodian Head of State until March 1970; thereafter, leader of Cambodian Government in exile in Beijing

Prince, Head of State of Cambodia until March 18, 1970; thereafter, leader of the Cambodian government-in-exile in Beijing (GRUNK)

4/11/75 - Phnom Penh Evacuation

Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam Paris 27 January 1973

https://www.cvce.eu/content/publication/2001/10/12/656ccc0d-31ef-42a6-a3e9-ce5ee7d4fc80/publishable_en.pdf

Paris Peace Accords

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Peace_Accords

Peace Negotiations and the Paris Agreement

https://edmoise.sites.clemson.edu/paris.html

Text of Declaration by Paris Conference on Vietnam

https://www.nytimes.com/1973/03/03/archives/text-of-declaration-by-paris-conference-on-vietnam.html

Vietnam War Bibliography Translation Series