20260705 CDTL NRM D6 6 February 1973 6. Bản ghi nhớ
Quyết định An ninh Quốc gia số 204
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d6
Google Translated
Tài liệu số 6
Quan hệ Đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ, 1969–1976, Tập
XVIII, Trung Quốc, 1973–1976
6. Bản ghi nhớ Quyết định An ninh Quốc gia
số 2041
Washington, ngày 6 tháng 2 năm 1973.
GỬI
Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao
Bộ trưởng Quốc phòng
Bộ trưởng Thương mại
CHỦ ĐỀ
Việc bán Hệ thống Dẫn đường Quán tính cho
Cộng hòa Nhân dân Trung Hoa
Tổng thống
đã xem xét các bản ghi nhớ của quý vị về vấn đề này và quyết định rằng Hoa Kỳ
nên chấp thuận việc xuất khẩu tám hệ thống dẫn đường quán tính (INS) để trang
bị cho bốn chiếc máy bay Boeing 707, cũng như số lượng INS tương ứng
cần thiết cho ba chiếc máy bay Concorde được bán cho Cộng hòa Nhân
dân Trung Hoa. Ông không chấp thuận việc chuyển giao các hệ thống
dẫn đường quán tính thuộc Danh mục Kiểm soát Vũ khí của Hoa Kỳ. [Trang 22]
Việc chấp thuận bán INS trong trường hợp cụ thể
này phải tuân theo các điều kiện sau:
—Nhà sản xuất phải duy trì sự kiểm soát thông qua
việc sử dụng số sê-ri và báo cáo định kỳ hàng năm cho Bộ Thương mại về công tác
bảo trì cũng như việc cung cấp phụ tùng thay thế cho từng thiết bị.
—Thiết bị phải có trình độ công nghệ tương đương với
hệ thống Delco Carousel IV hoặc Litton LTN–51.
—Các tiêu chuẩn bảo trì và sửa chữa phải đạt mức
"cấp độ 0" (level 0) của Delco.
—Thương vụ bán hàng của Boeing sẽ chỉ bao gồm
tám thiết bị INS dự phòng.
Việc xuất khẩu INS trong tương lai sẽ tiếp tục
được quyết định dựa trên cơ sở xem xét từng trường hợp cụ thể.
Henry A. Kissinger.
1. Nguồn:
Cơ quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia, Tài liệu Tổng thống Nixon, Hồ sơ NSC, Hồ sơ Thể chế
NSC (H–Files), Hộp H–238, Bản ghi nhớ Quyết định An ninh
Quốc gia (NSDM) 204. Mật. Robert Hormats, với sự đồng thuận của Giám
đốc Điều hành Hội đồng Chính sách Kinh tế Quốc tế Peter Flanigan, đã gửi một
bản ghi nhớ đề ngày 22 tháng 1 cho Kissinger, kiến nghị phê duyệt việc
bán và chấp thuận chuyển loại thiết bị dẫn đường quán tính (INS) dân dụng
sang Danh mục Kiểm soát Hàng hóa. (Sđd.) Vào ngày 30 tháng 1, Hormats
gửi cho Kissinger bản ghi nhớ kiến nghị phê duyệt dự thảo NSDM; Kissinger
đã ký tắt và chuyển văn bản này cho Tổng thống, và Tổng thống
cũng đã phê duyệt nó. (Sđd.)↩
2. Quyền
Bộ trưởng Ngoại giao U. Alexis Johnson đã gửi cho Nixon
một bản ghi nhớ đề ngày 24 tháng 11 năm 1972, ủng hộ việc bán hệ thống dẫn
đường quán tính cho Tầu cộng và tán thành việc chuyển loại INS
dân dụng từ Danh mục Vũ khí Hoa Kỳ (do Bộ Ngoại giao quản lý) sang Danh
mục Kiểm soát Hàng hóa (do Bộ Thương mại quản lý). Johnson
lưu ý rằng: “Bộ Thương mại, Bộ Ngoại giao và Cục Hàng không Liên bang đều
tin rằng có thể xác định các định nghĩa riêng biệt để phân biệt thiết bị INS
dân dụng và quân sự nhằm mục đích thực hiện các biện pháp kiểm soát xuất
khẩu.” (Sđd.) Vào ngày 4 tháng 1 năm 1973, Laird đã gửi cho Tổng
thống một bản ghi nhớ phản đối cả việc bán INS cho Tầu cộng lẫn đề nghị
chuyển loại INS sang Danh mục Kiểm soát Hàng hóa. (Trung tâm Lưu trữ
Quốc gia Washington, RG 330, Hồ sơ OSD: FRC 330–78-0001, Hộp 66, China Reds,
452, 1973)↩
Sources
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/sources
Abbreviations and Terms
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/terms
Persons
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/persons
China, 1973–1976
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/comp1
Kissinger’s Visits to Beijing and the Establishment of the
Liaison Offices, January 1973–May 1973 (Documents 1–34)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/ch1
1.
Document 6
Foreign Relations of the United
States, 1969–1976, Volume XVIII, China, 1973–1976
6. National Security Decision
Memorandum 2041
Washington, February
6, 1973.
TO
- The Secretary
of State
- The Secretary
of Defense
- The Secretary
of Commerce
SUBJECT
- Sale of
Inertial Navigation Systems to the People’s Republic of China
The President has considered your memoranda on this subject2 and has decided that the United
States should approve the export of eight inertial navigational systems to be
included on four Boeing 707 aircraft, as well as that number of INS required
for the three Concordes sold to the People’s Republic of China. He has
disapproved transferring inertial guidance systems from the U.S. Munitions
Control List.
[Page 22]
Approval of the sale of INS in this specific case is subject to the
following conditions:
- —The
manufacturer shall retain control by means of serial numbers and shall
report annually to the Department of Commerce on maintenance and supply of
spares for each unit.
- —The equipment
should be of the technology level of the Delco Carousel IV or the Litton
LTN–51.
- —Maintenance
and repair standards should be of a Delco “level 0.”
- —The Boeing
sale shall provide only eight extra INS units.
Future export of INS shall continue to be decided on the merits of each
case.
Henry A. Kissinger
1. Source: National
Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, NSC Institutional Files
(H–Files), Box H–238, National Security Decision Memoranda, NSDM 204. Secret.
Robert Hormats, with the concurrence of Executive Director of the Council for
International Economic Policy Peter Flanigan, sent a January 22 memorandum to
Kissinger recommending approval of the sale and disapproval of the transfer of
civil inertial navigational systems to the Commodity Control List. (Ibid.) On
January 30, Hormats sent Kissinger a memorandum recommending the approval of
the draft NSDM which Kissinger initialed and forwarded to the President, who
also approved it. (Ibid.)↩
2. Acting Secretary of
State U. Alexis Johnson sent Nixon a November 24, 1972, memorandum supporting
the sale of inertial navigation systems to China and advocating the transfer of
civil INS from the U.S. Munitions List, overseen by the Department of State, to
the Commodity Control List, administered by the Department of Commerce. Johnson
noted, “the Departments of Commerce and State and the Federal Aviation
Administration are satisfied that separate definitions can be found to
distinguish civil from military INS equipment for purposes of export control
safeguards.” (Ibid.) On January 4, 1973, Laird sent the President a memorandum
opposing both the sale of INS to China and the proposed transfer of INS to the
Commodity Control List. (Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files:
FRC 330–78-0001, Box 66, China Reds, 452, 1973)↩
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d6
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_22
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d6
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_22
Thân thế (các) nhân vật
Flanigan,
Peter,
Assistant to
the President for International Economic Affairs and Executive Director of the
Council on International Economic Policy, Executive Office of the President
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/finding-aids/peter-m-flanigan-white-house-special-files-staff-member-and-office-files
https://grokipedia.com/page/peter_flanigan
https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8fx7b2j/
https://theweek.com/articles/461285/peter--flanigan-19232013
https://kanepixelsbackrooms.fandom.com/wiki/Peter_Magnus_Flanigan
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/peter-flanigan-nixons-mr-fixit-adviser-dies/2013/08/01/84653d42-fabc-11e2-8752-b41d7ed1f685_story.html
Hormats, Robert,
member of the NSC Operations Staff/International Economic Affairs from
1970 until 1973
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hormats
https://som.yale.edu/faculty-research/faculty-directory/robert-d-hormats
https://history.state.gov/conferences/2011-foreign-economic-policy/hormats
https://www.theglobalist.com/contributors/robert-d-hormats-2/
https://www.thecommongoodus.org/past-speakers/robert-hormats
https://worldleaders.columbia.edu/directory/robert-hormats
https://www.commonwealventures.com/people/ambassador-robert-hormats
Johnson, U. Alexis,
Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs
until July 1, 1964; thereafter Deputy Ambassador to Vietnam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U._Alexis_Johnson
https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/jfkoh-uaj-01
https://static.jfklibrary.org/cru4d15es4f84tc8k0gvftf6m45d42ja.pdf?odc=20231115181316-0500
https://adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Johnson,%20U.%20Alexis.pdf
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v24/persons
https://millercenter.org/conversations/conversants/u-alexis-alex-johnson-bio-page
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people/rostow-w-w-walt-whitman
Henry A Kissinger
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until
November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger
https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip
https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m
https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china
http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html
https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War
Lesson in Vietnam from
Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let
the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not
help them fight it.”
(We
also had trouble with excesses here: when we
made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again
became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we
prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared
themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force
invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006,
Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges]
(Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval
https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0
Discover the Truth at:
http://www.theblackvault.com
https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/
The secret life of Henry
Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger
https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm
Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations In Vietnam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g
Henry Kissinger - Secrets of a superpower | DW Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWVMTKeAwlA
The Untold Truth of Henry Kissinger
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iheZdvWdbI&t=1s
Was Henry Kissinger a War Criminal?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COqq7862wcU&t=25s
Laird, Melvin R.,
Secretary of Defense after January 22, 1969,
Secretary of Defense until January 29, 1973,
Counselor to the President for domestic
affairs from June 1973 until February 1974,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_Laird
https://history.defense.gov/Multimedia/Biographies/Article-View/Article/571291/melvin-r-laird/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Battle-of-Quang-Tri/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Marine-Aircraft-Group-15-Deploys-to-Da-Nang/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Battle-of-An-Loc/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Battle-of-Dong-Hoi/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Battle-of-Kontum/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/U-S-Aircraft-Begin-to-Mine-North-Vietnamese-Ports/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Operation-LINEBACKER/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Marine-Aircraft-Group-12-Deploys-to-Bien-Hoa/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/South-Vietnamese-Armed-Forces-Recapture-Quang-Tri-City/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Operation-LINEBACKER-Ends/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/-8220-Peace-is-at-Hand-8221-/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Richard-Nixon-is-Reelected/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Peace-Talks-Stall/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Operation-LINEBACKER-II/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Last-Australian-Forces-Depart/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Paris-Peace-Accords-Signed/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Marine-Aircraft-Group-12-Begins-to-Depart-for-Japan/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Melvin-Laird-Steps-Down-as-Secretary-of-Defense/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/POWs-Return-Home-in-Operation-HOMECOMING/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/South-Korean-Capital-Division-Departs/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Last-U-S-Marine-Corps-Tactical-Unit-in-Vietnam-is-Deactivated/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/South-Korean-9th-Infantry-Division-Departs/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/United-States-Deactivates-Military-Assistance-Command-Vietnam/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Final-Arc-Light-Strikes/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Case-Church-Amendment-Deadline-Halts-All-U-S-Bombing/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/War-Powers-Act-Becomes-Law/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/President-Nixon-Requests-Increased-Aid-for-South-Vietnam/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/President-Richard-M-Nixon-Resigns/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Reduction-in-U-S-Aid-to-South-Vietnam/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/Battle-of-Phuoc-Long/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1972-1974_negotiations_and_passing_the_torch/U-S-Military-Presence-in-South-Vietnam-Totals-50-Personnel/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1945-1964_the_road_to_war/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1965_stemming_the_tide/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1966-1967_taking_the_offensive/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1968_tet_and_shifting_views/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1969-1971_vietnamization/
https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1975_the_fall_of_saigon/
https://millercenter.org/president/nixon/essays/laird-1969-secretary-of-defense
https://history.defense.gov/Portals/70/Documents/special_studies/SpecStudy6.pdf?ver=LCl1w_kyjEdQqdqgk_VZzQ%3d%3d
https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/melvin-robert-laird
Nixon Richard M.,
Vice President of the United States
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon, Richard M.,
President of the United States
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon
had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china
http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman
The Vietnam War Johnson
and Nixon Administrations Videos
March 2, 2016 Last
Aired May 5, 2016
Reflections on Richard Nixon
https://www.c-span.org/program/the-presidency/reflections-on-richard-nixon/431130
July 16, 1973 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Senate Watergate Committee Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/program/vignette/senate-watergate-committee-testimony/316346
April 26, 2016 Last Aired June 5, 2016
Vietnam War Commander in Chief
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/vietnam-war-commanders-in-chief/439971
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 2
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-2/258425
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 15, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 1
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-1/257651
January 27, 2012
Last Aired June 11, 2012
President Nixon's Secret White House Tapes
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/president-nixons-secret-white-house-tapes/277123
July 25, 1994 Last
Aired June 20, 2008
Watergate: Corruption of American Politics
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/watergate-corruption-of-american-politics/119480
February 16, 2003
Last Aired December 25, 2003
Presidential Tapes: Taping Systems History
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/presidential-tapes-taping-systems-history/122572
Alexander
Butterfield: The 60 Minutes Watergate Interview (1975)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss9AkLUmM4g
Watergate Hearing:
Alexander Butterfield Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/clip/congress-investigates/watergate-hearing-alexander-butterfield-testimony/5118203
Alexander
Butterfield Was ‘Worried To Death’ Testifying Against Nixon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c52oIe3Gj6w
How Nixon’s Invasion
of Cambodia Triggered a Check on Presidential Power
Vietnam War Cambodia
and Laos
https://www.history.com/articles/nixon-war-powers-act-vietnam-war-cambodia
Nixon's Vietnam Visit 1965, Rare Film Unearthed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaTi8OEpINI
Nixon on LBJ and Vietnam: Where Did It All Go Wrong?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n-4o3vOYD4
1969 July 30_Tổng Thống Hoa Kỳ 🇺🇸 Richard M. Nixon Thăm Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRp4v6M6YJw&t=19s
Nixon Richard M.,
Vice President of the United States
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon, Richard M.,
President of the United States
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/
https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon
had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china
http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman
The Vietnam War Johnson
and Nixon Administrations Videos
March 2, 2016 Last
Aired May 5, 2016
Reflections on Richard Nixon
https://www.c-span.org/program/the-presidency/reflections-on-richard-nixon/431130
July 16, 1973 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Senate Watergate Committee Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/program/vignette/senate-watergate-committee-testimony/316346
April 26, 2016 Last Aired June 5, 2016
Vietnam War Commander in Chief
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/vietnam-war-commanders-in-chief/439971
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 22, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 2
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-2/258425
June 12, 2008 Last
Aired July 15, 2013
Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 1
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-1/257651
January 27, 2012
Last Aired June 11, 2012
President Nixon's Secret White House Tapes
https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/president-nixons-secret-white-house-tapes/277123
July 25, 1994 Last
Aired June 20, 2008
Watergate: Corruption of American Politics
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/watergate-corruption-of-american-politics/119480
February 16, 2003
Last Aired December 25, 2003
Presidential Tapes: Taping Systems History
https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/presidential-tapes-taping-systems-history/122572
Alexander
Butterfield: The 60 Minutes Watergate Interview (1975)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss9AkLUmM4g
Watergate Hearing:
Alexander Butterfield Testimony
https://www.c-span.org/clip/congress-investigates/watergate-hearing-alexander-butterfield-testimony/5118203
Alexander
Butterfield Was ‘Worried To Death’ Testifying Against Nixon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c52oIe3Gj6w
How Nixon’s Invasion
of Cambodia Triggered a Check on Presidential Power
Vietnam War Cambodia
and Laos
https://www.history.com/articles/nixon-war-powers-act-vietnam-war-cambodia
Nixon's Vietnam Visit 1965, Rare Film Unearthed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaTi8OEpINI
Nixon on LBJ and Vietnam: Where Did It All Go Wrong?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n-4o3vOYD4
1969 July 30_Tổng Thống Hoa Kỳ 🇺🇸 Richard M. Nixon Thăm Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRp4v6M6YJw&t=19s
/https:/tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg){kind=link}