Lãnh Thổ Lãnh Hải Việt-Nam: 20260221 CDTL GRF 18 April 1975 D240 Biên bản cuộc họp

20260221 CDTL GRF 18 April 1975 D240 Biên bản cuộc họp

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d240

Google Translated

Tài liệu 240

Quan hệ đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ, 1969–1976, Tập X, Việt Nam, tháng 1 năm 1973 – tháng 7 năm 1975

240. Biên bản cuộc họp

Washington, ngày 18 tháng 4 năm 1975, 9:12–10:15 sáng

NGƯỜI THAM DỰ

Tổng thống Ford

Tiến sĩ Henry A. Kissinger, Ngoại trưởng và Phụ tá Tổng thống về các vấn đề an ninh quốc gia

Trung tướng Brent Scowcroft, Phụ tá Tổng thống về các vấn đề an ninh quốc gia

Tổng thống: Tôi nghĩ chúng ta nên có một cuộc họp chiều nay để quyết định xem nên làm gì về cuộc bỏ phiếu.

Kissinger: Tôi sẽ ra điều trần trước Ủy ban của Tiến sĩ Morgan vào ngày mai. [Trang 845]

Tổng thống: Một trong những thành viên yếu nhất là Peter DuPont. Anh ta đáng lẽ phải giỏi hơn.

Kissinger: Broomfield thì tốt.

Tổng thống: Nhưng anh ta không phải là người lãnh đạo. Không có người lãnh đạo nào trong Ủy ban đó cả. Phil Burton muốn gặp tôi về vấn đề di tản.

Kissinger: Tôi nghĩ ông nên cẩn thận. Những kẻ khốn nạn đó muốn hạ bệ ông. Chúng chỉ đang chờ cơ hội để đổ tội cho ông.

Tổng thống: Tôi chắc chắn đó là điều mà ông ta muốn nói với chúng ta. Rằng chúng ta nên rút lui.

Kissinger: Graham Martin là một người Mỹ cao thượng. Ông ấy đang cố gắng giữ mọi thứ ổn định và đưa mọi người ra ngoài.

Họ vẫn giữ con số 1.250. Ý tôi là những người chính thức; họ lại nghĩ đó là tổng số người.

Tất cả những gì tòa Bạch Ốc muốn là di tản. Đó là một vấn đề khó khăn. Dù làm gì đi nữa, vẫn sẽ có một số người Mỹ bị bỏ lại. Chúng ta đang lên kế hoạch cho cuộc họp WSAG. Có lẽ tốt hơn là nên tổ chức cuộc họp của chúng ta sau cuộc họp WSAG.

Tổng thống: [Thay đổi thời gian cuộc họp.]

Kissinger: Javits đã gọi điện tối qua. Ông ấy nói chúng ta không di chuyển đủ nhanh. Ông ấy hỏi chúng ta phản đối điều gì trong dự luật. Tôi nói là số tiền và các điều kiện. Ông ấy hỏi liệu chúng ta có thỏa hiệp không. Tôi nói tôi sẽ nói chuyện với ngài. Tôi không thấy chúng ta sẽ được lợi gì từ việc thỏa hiệp.

Tổng thống: Tôi nghĩ chúng ta nên nói rằng chúng ta đã đánh giá trung thực nhu cầu và chúng ta có số liệu để chứng minh điều đó. Họ là một nhánh ngang hàng và có thể đưa ra phán quyết của riêng mình. Điều khiến tôi lo lắng là chúng ta có thể cho thấy tiến bộ mỗi ngày trong công tác di tản.

Kissinger: Tôi gửi điện tín cho Martin mỗi ngày.

Tôi tự hỏi liệu chúng ta có nên gọi Dean Brown trở lại để điều phối công tác cứu trợ người tị nạn hay không. Điều đó sẽ rất tốt cho quan hệ công chúng. Ông ấy làm việc hiệu quả.

Tổng thống: Cứ làm đi. Hãy đưa ra thông báo.

Kissinger: Tôi cần liên lạc với Dean Brown trước.

[Phần này lược bỏ đoạn thảo luận không liên quan đến Việt Nam.]

1. Nguồn: Thư viện Ford, Cố vấn An ninh Quốc gia, Biên bản các cuộc họp, Hộp 11, Hồ sơ theo trình tự thời gian, ngày 18/4/1975. Tuyệt mật; Không được tiết lộ. Cuộc họp được tổ chức tại tòa Bạch Ốc. Dấu ngoặc vuông nằm trong tài liệu gốc.↩

2. Xem Tài liệu 243.↩

3. Nessen thông báo vào ngày 18 tháng 4 rằng cựu viên chức Bộ Ngoại giao L. Dean Brown sẽ đứng đầu một lực lượng đặc nhiệm đặc biệt để điều phối việc sơ tán, viện trợ nhân đạo và dòng người tị nạn. (Washington Post, ngày 19 tháng 4 năm 1975) ↩

Sources

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/sources

Abbreviations and Terms

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/terms

Persons

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/persons

Note on U.S. Covert Actions

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/note

Vietnam, January 1973–July 1975

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/comp1

Collapse and Evacuation, February 26–July 22, 1975 (Documents 178–283)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/ch3

4. Document 240

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume X, Vietnam, January 1973–July 1975

240. Memorandum of Conversation1

Washington, April 18, 1975, 9:12–10:15 a.m.

PARTICIPANTS

President Ford
Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, Secretary of State and Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Lt. General Brent Scowcroft, Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs

President: I thought we should have a meeting this afternoon to decide what to do on a vote.

Kissinger: I am testifying tomorrow before Doc Morgan’s Committee.

[Page 845]

President: One of the weakest members is Peter DuPont. He should be good.

Kissinger: Broomfield is good.

President: But he is not a leader. There is no leader on that Committee. Phil Burton wants to see me about evacuation.

Kissinger: I would be careful. Those bastards want to hang you. They are just waiting to pin it on you.

President: That is what he wants to tell us, I am sure. That we get out.

Kissinger: Graham Martin is a noble American. He is trying to hold things together and get people out.

They are sticking with the figure of 1,250. I meant official ones; they thought it meant total.

All the Pentagon wants is to evacuate. It is tough problem. Whatever you do there will be some Americans left. We are planning a WSAG.2 It might be better to have your meeting after the WSAG.

President: [Changes meeting time.]

Kissinger: Javits called last night. He says we are not moving out fast enough. He asked what we objected to in the bill. I said the amount and the conditions. He asked if we would compromise. I said I would talk to you. I don’t see what we gain by compromise.

President: I think we should say we made an honest evaluation of the needs and we have the figures to back it up. They are an equal branch and can exercise their judgment. It has worried me that we can show progress every day on evacuation.

Kissinger: I send Martin a cable a day.

I wonder if we should call Dean Brown back to coordinate the refugees. It would be good public relations. He gets things done.

President: Go ahead. Let’s get an announcement out.3

Kissinger: I will need to get Dean Brown first.

[Omitted here is discussion unrelated to Vietnam.]

1. Source: Ford Library, National Security Adviser, Memoranda of Conversations, Box 11, Chronological File, 4/18/75. Secret; Nodis. The meeting was held in the Oval Office. Brackets are in the original.↩

2. See Document 243.↩

3. Nessen announced on April 18 that retired Foreign Service officer L. Dean Brown would head a special task force to coordinate evacuation, humanitarian aid, and the flow of refugees. (Washington Post, April 19, 1975)↩

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d240

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/pg_845

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d243

Thân thế (các) nhân vật/

Brown, L. Dean,

Deputy Under Secretary for Management, Department of State until 1973

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/brown-lewis-dean

https://www.state.gov/biographies-list/

https://www.state.gov/resources-bureau-of-global-talent-management/#ambassadors

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v38p2/d134

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/timeline/1970-1979

Ford Gerald R.,

Republican Representative from Michigan until October 13, 1973; House Minority Leader until October 13, 1973; Vice President of the United States from October 13, 1973, until August 8, 1974; President of the United States from August 8, 1974

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Ford

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Minority_Leader

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_Republican_Conference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chair_of_the_House_Republican_Conference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives

https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/gerald-r-ford/

https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/

https://geraldrfordfoundation.org/gerald-r-ford-biography/

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/grf/timeline.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/research-guides/modern-biographical-files-ndl/modern-bios-f/ford-gerald.html

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/guides/findingaid/ford_vp_papers.asp

Javits, Jacob K.,

Democratic Senator from New York

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Javits

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_New_York

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives

https://www.senate.gov/senators/FeaturedBios/Featured_Bio_JavitsJacob.htm

https://www.congress.gov/member/jacob-javits/J000064

https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/mep/displaydoc.cfm?docid=erpn-jacjav

Henry A Kissinger

Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger

https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip

https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m

https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china

http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html

https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim

http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War

Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”

(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280

Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf

https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html

“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006, Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges] (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

Discover the Truth at:

http://www.theblackvault.com

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

The secret life of Henry Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger

https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm

Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations in Vietnam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g

Henry Kissinger - Secrets of a superpower | DW Documentary

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWVMTKeAwlA

The Untold Truth of Henry Kissinger

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iheZdvWdbI&t=1s

Was Henry Kissinger a War Criminal?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COqq7862wcU&t=25s

Martin, Graham A.,

Ambassador to the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) from July 20, 1973, until April 29, 1975

https://www.fallofsaigon.org/orig/martin.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Martin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_South_Vietnam

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Italy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Thailand

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representative_of_the_United_States_to_the_European_Office_of_the_United_Nations

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/martin-graham-anderson

https://www.state.gov/biographies-list/

https://www.state.gov/resources-bureau-of-global-talent-management/#ambassadors

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_South_Vietnam

Morgan, Thomas E. “Doc,”

Democratic Representative from Pennsylvania; Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_E._Morgan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs

https://www.loc.gov/item/afc2001001.04325/

Nessen, Ron,

White House Press Secretary from 1974

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Nessen

https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/government/rnessen-bio.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Press_Secretary

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/guides/findingaid/nessenfiles.asp

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/guides/findingaid/nessenpapers.asp

Scowcroft, Brent,

General, USAF, Military Assistant to the President until 1973; Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs from August 1973 until 1975

https://warontherocks.com/2020/08/brent-scowcroft-and-american-military-intervention/

https://warontherocks.com/2020/08/blame-it-on-the-blob-how-to-evaluate-american-grand-strategy/

https://www.aspeninstitute.org/programs/aspen-strategy-group/about-asg/

https://www.whitehouse.gov/piab/

https://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/titles/bartholomew-sparrow/the-strategist/9781586489632/

http://web1.millercenter.org/poh/transcripts/ohp_1999_1112_scowcroft.pdf

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/12/us/politics/brent-scowcroft.html

https://www.thecipherbrief.com/column_article/remembering-brent-scowcrofts-accomplishments-on-arms-control

https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-08-13/scowcroft-model

https://archive.org/stream/towercommission00unit?ref=ol#mode/2up

https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/253135/the-man-who-ran-washington-by-peter-baker-and-susan-glasser/9780385540551

https://www.twelvebooks.com/titles/philip-zelikow/to-build-a-better-world/9781538764688/