Monday, August 3, 2026

20260804 CDTL NRM D35 4 June 1973 35. Cuộc đối thoại giữa Tổng thống Nixon và Phụ tá NSA Kissinger

20260804 CDTL NRM D35 4 June 1973 35. Cuộc đối thoại giữa Tổng thống Nixon và Phụ tá NSA Kissinger


https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d35

Google Translated

Tài liệu số 35

Quan hệ Đối ngoại của Hoa Kỳ, 1969–1976, Tập XVIII, Trung Quốc, 1973–1976

35. Cuộc trao đổi giữa Tổng thống Nixon và Phụ tá về các vấn đề An ninh Quốc gia Kissinger

Washington, ngày 4 tháng 6 năm 1973.

Nixon: Về chuyện của Mao, ông thấy đấy, điều đó khá quan trọng, ông có nghĩ vậy không?

Kissinger: Ồ, tôi cho rằng điều đó có ý nghĩa vô cùng to lớn, thưa Tổng thống.

Nixon: Tuy nhiên, còn một điều nữa tôi muốn nói là...

Kissinger: Bởi vì điều đó có nghĩa là họ tin rằng họ sẽ làm việc với ông trong tương lai gần.

Nixon: Đúng vậy. Một vấn đề nữa là, liệu ông có nghĩ chúng ta nên... à, chúng ta không thể thực hiện ngay trước khi ông rời đi, nhưng nếu ông có thể chuyển lời tới Đại sứ tại đây rằng chúng ta coi việc Chu Ân Lai đến Liên Hợp Quốc là rất quan trọng... Hay ông muốn đợi đến tháng Tám mới làm việc đó?

Kissinger: Tôi đã làm điều đó rồi, thưa Tổng thống.

Nixon: Thật sao?

Kissinger: Tôi đã làm điều đó—

Nixon: Ông thấy đấy—

Kissinger: Tôi đã tự ý làm điều đó để đáp lại—3

Nixon: Ông thấy đấy, sẽ trông khá kỳ lạ nếu tôi chạy sang Trung Quốc nếu ông ta không đến đây.

Kissinger: Không, tôi đã làm điều đó rồi.

Nixon: Ông đã làm thế nào?

Kissinger: Tôi đã gửi lời mời theo đề nghị của ông vài tháng trước rồi. [Trang 270]

Nixon: Vâng, tôi biết, nhưng gần đây thì sao?

Kissinger: Tôi đã nhắc lại và nói rằng chúng ta có thể làm theo hai cách: hoặc đến Liên Hợp Quốc, hoặc tốt hơn hết là đến Washington thăm cá nhân.

Nixon: Không, điều ông ấy nên làm là đến Liên Hợp Quốc rồi ghé qua đây và chúng ta sẽ mời ông ấy một bữa tối thịnh soạn, ông biết đấy, không cần phải là cấp nguyên thủ quốc gia, nhưng sẽ có đầy đủ mọi thứ trừ cuộc diễn tập.

Kissinger: Đúng vậy. Tôi đã nói với ông ấy rằng chúng ta có thể xử lý theo cả hai cách. Và—

Nixon: Và ông ấy sẽ chuyển lời đó cho họ, phải không?

Kissinger: Và ông ấy nói—à, ông ấy không từ chối. Ông biết đấy, trước đây họ nói rằng họ không bao giờ có thể làm điều đó chừng nào Đài Loan còn—

Nixon: Vâng, tôi biết. Tôi biết. Vâng.

Kissinger: Ông ấy nói rằng mình đang rất bận và sẽ xem lại lịch trình.

Nixon: Chà, xét đến chuyện liên quan đến Mao Trạch Đông—anh thấy đấy, chuyện này hẳn phải rất quan trọng; bởi nếu lời mời đến từ Chu Ân Lai thì lại là chuyện khác, nhưng đằng này lại đến từ chính Mao Trạch Đông...

Kissinger: Lời mời đến từ cả hai người. Đó là một lời mời chung.

Nixon: Đúng vậy.

Kissinger: Và tôi không biết liệu Ngài Tổng thống có để ý không, khi ông ấy đến gặp Ngài, ông ấy đã nói: "Ông và bà Mao".

Nixon: Phải! Phải, tôi biết.

Kissinger: Chà, điều đó rất đáng chú ý nếu xét đến vai trò của bà ấy trong cuộc Cách mạng Văn hóa.

Nixon: Đúng vậy, và cả tư cách thành viên Ban Chấp hành Trung ương nữa.

Kissinger: Vâng, và cả Bộ Chính trị nữa.

Nixon: Ý tôi là Bộ Chính trị đấy. Phải. Đúng vậy.

Kissinger: Tôi nghĩ đó là một sự kiện vô cùng quan trọng.

Nixon: Vâng.

Kissinger: Và họ cũng trả lời ông trong vòng ba ngày. Ý tôi là, ông chỉ mới gặp ông ấy vào thứ Tư tuần trước.

Nixon: Đúng vậy. Đúng vậy.

Kissinger: Và họ cũng gửi cho chúng ta một thông điệp khá tốt về Campuchia. [Trang 271]

Nixon: Ồ, vậy sao?

Kissinger: Vâng, nhưng chúng ta không được nhắc đến điều đó dưới bất kỳ hình thức nào.

Nixon: Ồ, không, không, không. Bởi vì họ không thể bị bắt quả tang, tôi biết. [Phần thảo luận không liên quan đến Trung Quốc đã được lược bỏ ở đây.]

1.    Nguồn: Cơ quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia, Tài liệu Tổng thống Nixon, Các băng ghi âm tại Tòa Bạch Ốc, Cuộc đối thoại số 39–87. Không có dấu phân loại mật. Biên tập viên đã chép lại các đoạn đối thoại được in ở đây dành riêng cho tập tài liệu này. Theo Nhật ký Hằng ngày của Tổng thống, Nixon đã gặp Kissinger từ 23:16 đến 23:22 (Sđd, Hồ sơ Trung tâm Tòa Bạch Ốc)

2.    Nixon đang đề cập đến một tuyên bố mà Hoàng Trấn (Huang Zhen) đã đưa cho Kissinger vào chiều hôm đó, trong đó nêu rõ: “Chủ tịch Mao hoan nghênh Tổng thống Nixon đến thăm Tầu cộng vào một thời điểm thích hợp.” (Biên bản cuộc đối thoại, ngày 4 tháng 6, 15:00–15:30; sđd, Hồ sơ NSC, Hồ sơ Văn phòng Kissinger, Hộp 94, Hồ sơ Quốc gia, Viễn Đông, Các cuộc trao đổi với Tầu cộng, 16/5–13/6/1973)

3.    Kissinger nói với Hoàng Trấn rằng Thủ tướng Chu “đã nhận được lời mời thường trực từ Tổng thống và chúng tôi sẽ rất hân hạnh được chào đón ông, dù là trong chuyến thăm Washington hay kết hợp với chuyến thăm New York mà ông có thể thực hiện.” (Sđd)

4.    Xem Tài liệu 34.

5.    Thông điệp về CampuchiaHoàng Trấn đã đọc cho Kissinger nghe trước đó trong ngày hiện lưu tại Cơ quan Lưu trữ Quốc gia, Tài liệu Tổng thống Nixon, Hồ sơ NSC, Hồ sơ Văn phòng Kissinger, Hộp 94, Hồ sơ Quốc gia, Viễn Đông, Các cuộc trao đổi với Tầu cộng, 16/5–13/6/1973.

Sources

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/sources

Abbreviations and Terms

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/terms

Persons

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/persons

China, 1973–1976

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/comp1

Political Turmoil in the United States, June 1973–September 1974 (Documents 35–87)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/ch2

1.    Document 35

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume XVIII, China, 1973–1976

35. Conversation Between President Nixon and his Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)1

Washington, June 4, 1973.

Nixon: With regard to Mao, you know, that is quite significant, don’t you think?2

Kissinger: Oh, I think that’s of enormous significance, Mr. President.

Nixon: The other thing I was going to say, though, that—

Kissinger: Because it means that they think that they are going to deal with you for the foreseeable future.

Nixon: Right. The other thing is do you think that we should get in—well we can’t do it before you leave—but if you could get a message to the Ambassador here that we think it’s very important for Chou En-lai to come to the UN. Or do you want to wait till August to do that?

Kissinger: I’ve already done that, Mr. President.

Nixon: You have?

Kissinger: I did that—

Nixon: You see—

Kissinger: I took the liberty of doing that in response—3

Nixon: You see, it’s going to look rather strange if I go running to China if he doesn’t come here.

Kissinger: No, I’ve already done that.

Nixon: How’d you do it?

Kissinger: I had already extended an invitation at your suggestion a few months ago.

[Page 270]

Nixon: Yeah, I know, but recently?

Kissinger: I repeated it and I said we can do it in one of two ways: either to go to the UN, or better yet just come to Washington on a personal visit.

Nixon: No, what he should do is come to the UN and then drop down here and we’ll give him a nice dinner, you know, without the head of state thing, but it will be everything except the drill.

Kissinger: Right. Well, I told him we could handle it either way. And—

Nixon: And he’s going to forward that to them, huh?

Kissinger: And he said—well, he didn’t turn it down. You know, in the past they said they could never do it as long as the ROC was—

Nixon: Yeah, I know. I know. Yeah.

Kissinger: He said, well he’s very busy and he’ll look at his calendar.

Nixon: Well in view of the Mao thing, you see, the Mao thing has to be significant, because if it came from Chou En-lai that would be one thing, but coming from Mao—

Kissinger: It came from both. It was a joint invitation.

Nixon: Right.

Kissinger: And I don’t know whether you noticed, Mr. President, when he came that he said to you, “Mr. and Mrs. Mao.”

Nixon: Yeah! Yeah, I know.

Kissinger: Well, that was very significant considering her role in the Cultural Revolution.

Nixon: Yeah, and as a member of the Central Committee.

Kissinger: Yes, and of the Politburo.

Nixon: Politburo, I meant. Yeah. Yeah.

Kissinger: So I thought it was an extremely significant event.

Nixon: Yeah.

Kissinger: And also that they answered you within three days. I mean, you only saw him last Wednesday.4

Nixon: Right. Right.

Kissinger: And they also gave us a rather good message on Cambodia.5

[Page 271]

Nixon: Oh, did they?

Kissinger: Yes, but we mustn’t refer to that it in any sense.

Nixon: Oh, no, no, no. Because they can’t get caught at it, I know. [Omitted here is discussion unrelated to China.]

1.    Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, White House Tapes, Conversation No. 39–87. No classification marking. The editor transcribed the portions of the conversation printed here specifically for this volume. According to the President’s Daily Diary, Nixon met with Kissinger from 11:16 until 11:22 p.m. (Ibid., White House Central Files)

2.    Nixon is referring to a statement that Huang Zhen gave Kissinger that afternoon, indicating “Chairman Mao welcomes President Nixon to visit China at an appropriate time.” (Memorandum of conversation, June 4, 3–3:30 p.m.; ibid., NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 94, Country Files, Far East, China Exchanges, May 16-June 13, 1973)

3.    Kissinger told Huang Zhen that Zhou “has a standing invitation from the President and we would be pleased to welcome him, either on a visit to Washington or in combination with a visit he may take to New York.” (Ibid.)

4.    See Document 34.

5.    The message about Cambodia that Huang read to Kissinger earlier that day is in National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 94, Country Files, Far East, China Exchanges, May 16-June 13, 1973.

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d35

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_270

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/pg_271

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v18/d34

Thân thế (các) nhân vật

Chou En-lai, (Zhou Enlai)

Premier of the People’s Republic of China; member, Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party’s Political Bureau

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d139

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/memorandum-conversation-between-mao-zedong-zhou-enlai-and-henry-kissinger

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/zhou-enlai-talking-ho-chi-minh

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86538&fo[0]=86538

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?search_api_fulltext=&items_per_page=100&sort_bef_combine=created_DESC&f%5B0%5D=topics%3A86538&fo%5B0%5D=86538

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?search_api_fulltext=&items_per_page=100&sort_bef_combine=created_DESC&f%5B0%5D=topics%3A86538&fo%5B0%5D=86538&page=1

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?search_api_fulltext=&items_per_page=100&sort_bef_combine=created_DESC&f%5B0%5D=topics%3A86538&fo%5B0%5D=86538&page=2

Tài liệu Chu Ân Lai yêu cầu Hoa Kỳ loại bỏ Tổng Thống Nguyễn Văn Thiệu và dùng Dương Văn Minh để lật đổ hai nền Đệ I và Đệ II VNCH.

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?search_api_fulltext=&items_per_page=100&sort_bef_combine=created_DESC&f%5B0%5D=people%3A84942&fo%5B0%5D=84942

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/discussion-between-zhou-enlai-and-le-duc-tho

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/89367/download

Huang Zhen (Huang Chen),

PRC Ambassador to France until March 1973; Chief of the PRC Liaison Office in the United States from March 1973

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Zhen

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Huang_Zhen

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/72591.pdf

https://mediaclip.ina.fr/en/i24024268-huang-chen-the-traditional-friendship-of-the-french-and-chinese-peoples.html

https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB79/BEBB23.pdf

https://www.facebook.com/NixonPresidentialLibrary/posts/otd-5301973-president-nixon-met-to-discuss-us-china-relations-with-dr-henry-kiss/1102544875230224/

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/1552743.pdf

https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/236303/

https://cutt.ly/3tezOe3t

https://mediaclip.ina.fr/en/caf97507056-credentials-huang-chen-at-the-elysee.html

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/d12

Henry A Kissinger

Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger

https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip

https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m

https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china

http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html

https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim

http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War

Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”

(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280

Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf

https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html

“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006, Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges] (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748 

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

Discover the Truth at:

http://www.theblackvault.com

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

The secret life of Henry Kissinger minutes of a 1975 meeting with Lawrence Eagleburger

https://etan.org/news/kissinger/secret.htm

Henry Kissinger and the Truth About Negotiations In Vietnam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5fxxKVfX5g

Henry Kissinger - Secrets of a superpower | DW Documentary

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWVMTKeAwlA

The Untold Truth of Henry Kissinger

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iheZdvWdbI&t=1s

Was Henry Kissinger a War Criminal?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COqq7862wcU&t=25s

Nixon Richard M.,

Vice President of the United States

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon

https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/

https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm

Nixon, Richard M.,

President of the United States

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon

https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/

https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm

Nixon had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china

http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3

https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman

The Vietnam War Johnson and Nixon Administrations Videos

March 2, 2016 Last Aired May 5, 2016

Reflections on Richard Nixon

https://www.c-span.org/program/the-presidency/reflections-on-richard-nixon/431130

July 16, 1973 Last Aired July 22, 2013

Senate Watergate Committee Testimony

https://www.c-span.org/program/vignette/senate-watergate-committee-testimony/316346

April 26, 2016 Last Aired June 5, 2016

Vietnam War Commander in Chief

https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/vietnam-war-commanders-in-chief/439971

June 12, 2008 Last Aired July 22, 2013

Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 2

https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-2/258425

June 12, 2008 Last Aired July 15, 2013

Alexander Butterfield Oral History Interview, Part 1

https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/alexander-butterfield-oral-history-interview-part-1/257651

January 27, 2012 Last Aired June 11, 2012

President Nixon's Secret White House Tapes

https://www.c-span.org/program/american-history-tv/president-nixons-secret-white-house-tapes/277123

July 25, 1994 Last Aired June 20, 2008

Watergate: Corruption of American Politics

https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/watergate-corruption-of-american-politics/119480

February 16, 2003 Last Aired December 25, 2003

Presidential Tapes: Taping Systems History

https://www.c-span.org/program/public-affairs-event/presidential-tapes-taping-systems-history/122572

Alexander Butterfield: The 60 Minutes Watergate Interview (1975)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss9AkLUmM4g

Watergate Hearing: Alexander Butterfield Testimony

https://www.c-span.org/clip/congress-investigates/watergate-hearing-alexander-butterfield-testimony/5118203

Alexander Butterfield Was ‘Worried To Death’ Testifying Against Nixon

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c52oIe3Gj6w

How Nixon’s Invasion of Cambodia Triggered a Check on Presidential Power

Vietnam War Cambodia and Laos

https://www.history.com/articles/nixon-war-powers-act-vietnam-war-cambodia

Nixon's Vietnam Visit 1965, Rare Film Unearthed

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaTi8OEpINI

Nixon on LBJ and Vietnam: Where Did It All Go Wrong?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n-4o3vOYD4

1969 July 30_Tổng Thống Hoa Kỳ 🇺🇸 Richard M. Nixon Thăm Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRp4v6M6YJw&t=19s

 

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