20250518 CDTL NRM MemConv Paris February 21 1970 D02
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/sources
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/terms
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/persons
Vietnam: The Kissinger-Le Duc Tho Negotiations, August 1969–December 1973
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/comp1
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/ch1
1. Document 2
Foreign Relations, 1969–1976, Volume XLII, Vietnam: The Kissinger-Le Duc Tho Negotiations
2. Memorandum of Conversation1
Paris, February 21, 1970, 9:40 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/d2
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_15
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_16
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_17
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_18
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_19
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_20
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_21
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_22
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_23
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_24
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_25
Thân thế (các) nhân vật/
Nguyen Thi Binh,
often referred to as Madame Binh, Foreign Minister, Provisional Revolutionary Government, and Head of the NLF/PRG Delegation to the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks from 1969 until 1972
Mai Van Bo,
DRV Delegate General in Paris until November 1970
Harriman, W. Averell,
Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs until April 3, 1963; thereafter Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs and Chairman of the Special Group for Counterinsurgency
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman#References
https://adst.org/oral-history/fascinating-figures/averell-harriman-the-old-crocodile-of-diplomacy/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/W-Averell-Harriman
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Harriman-365
https://www.wikitree.com/genealogy/HARRIMAN
Ho Chi Minh,
President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam; also Chairman and General Secretary of Dang Lao Dong, Workers’ Party of Vietnam, leader of the Vietnamese Communist Party and President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam until his death in 1969
Henry A Kissinger
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger
https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip
https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china
http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html
https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals
https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War
Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”
(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
Kraft, Joseph,
columnist and journalist for various newspapers, including The Washington Post, The New York Times, and The Los Angeles Times, and for Field Newspapers Syndicate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kraft
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-01-11-mn-26762-story.html
https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/archives/cul-4078417
https://washingtonmonthly.com/1975/03/01/the-most-famous-journalist-in-america/
Lake, W. Anthony,
member, National Security Council Staff, from June 1969 until April 1970
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Lake
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v02/d106
https://afsa.org/idealism-diplomacy-and-power-tony-lakes-story
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/finding-aids/national-security-council-files
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/finding-aids/national-security-council-files#Vietnam%20Country%20Files
https://findingaids.loc.gov/exist_collections/ead3pdf/mss/2006/ms006009.pdf
Le Duc Tho,
member of the Politburo of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Special Advisor to, and de facto head of, the DRV Delegation to the Paris Peace Talks on Vietnam until 1973; Special Adviser to the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam from January 1973
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people/le-duc-tho-le-duc-tho
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr.,
Ambassador to South Vietnam from August 26, 1963
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_South_Vietnam
https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/henry-cabot-lodge
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabot_family
Nixon Richard M.,
Vice President of the United States
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon, Richard M.,
President of the United States
https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon
https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm
Nixon had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china
http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3
https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman
Pompidou, Georges, Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou
President of France from 1969 until 1974
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Pompidou
https://www.elysee.fr/en/georges-pompidou
https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/georges-pompidou
https://artsandculture.google.com/entity/georges-pompidou/m01lbpj?hl=en
Smyser, W. Richard,
member, National Security Council Operations staff/East Asia from 1973 until 1975
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v06/d330
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/90119/download
Xuan Thuy
Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Head of the DRV Delegation to the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; also, titular Head of the DRV Delegation to the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations, occasionally meeting with Kissinger in Le Duc Tho’s stead; usually referred to as Minister
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu%C3%A2n_Th%E1%BB%A7y
Deputy Secretary of Defense, January 1964–June 1967
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Department_of_Defense
https://millercenter.org/conversations/conversants/cyrus-r-cy-vance-bio-page
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/vance-cyrus-roberts
https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/4513
Walters, Vernon A.,
General, USA, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence until July 31, 1976
https://www.cia.gov/static/20dc4319f6e8d3a9d63b7076a30b3e1d/Vernon-Walters-Renaissance-Man.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_A._Walters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency
https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp99-00418r000100380001-0
GULF OF TONKIN RECORDINGS
https://millercenter.org/gulf-tonkin-recordings
Gulf of Tonkin
Senate Stories Chairman J William Fulbright and the 1964 Tonkin Gulf Resolution
The Gulf of Tonkin Incident, September 18
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v01/d356
List of presidents of the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States
Eisenhower Administration
https://millercenter.org/president/eisenhower/dwight-d-eisenhower-administration
Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”
(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
List of Participants in the Geneva Conference on Indochina
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/ch5subch4
The Geneva Conference on Indochina May 8–July 21, 1954
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/comp2
Geneva Agreements 20-21 July 1954
https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf
March 10 1956 Election in South Vietnam
Election processes in South Vietnam
https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP79T00826A000400010040-7.pdf
Vietnam’s Un-held 1956 Reunification Elections
https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/020691c4-6762-44f0-903b-390c67a04188/content
PRETENSE TO DEMOCRACY: THE U.S. ROLE IN THE SUBVERSION OF THE VIETNAMESE ELECTION OF 1956
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2761&context=theses
Van Ban Hiep Dinh Paris 27011973
http://suthat-toiac.blogspot.com/2008/07/hip-nh-paris-2711973-vn-bn.html
Agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Viet-Nam.
Signed at Paris on 27 January 1973
https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/volume-935-I-13295-English.pdf
https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/v935.pdf
***
NLF=National Liberation Front=Mặt Trận Dân Tộc Giải Phóng,
PRG=Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam = Chính phủ Cách mạng Lâm thời Việt Nam,
DRVN= Democratic Republic of North Vietnam=Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa=cộng sản giặc Hồ .
DRV (also DRVN), Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam
NLF, National Liberation Front, Communist front organization in South Vietnam acting as political government of the insurgency; later renamed Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam
NVA, North Vietnamese Army, term used by the United States for the People’s Army of (North) Vietnam
PAVN, People’s Army of (North) Vietnam
PLAF, People’s Liberation Armed Forces, Communist forces in South Vietnam, synonymous with Viet Cong
PRG, Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam, political wing of the South Vietnamese Communist movement, replaced the National Liberation Front (NLF), but the terms are often used interchangeably
Paris Peace Talks, a loosely defined term that, depending on context, could mean the secret meetings between Henry Kissinger for the United States and Le Duc Tho for the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam or the 174 meetings of the public talks held from 1968 to 1973 between the United States and the Republic of (South) Vietnam on one side and the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam on the other; the latter were also known as Plenary or Avénue Kléber talks
Rue Darthé, 11 Rue Darthé, the address of one of the residences of the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam in the Paris suburb of Choisy-le-Roi used as a venue for the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations.
Avenue Kléber (also Ave. Kléber or Kléber), address of the International Conference Center at the Hotel Majestic in Paris, the site of the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; see also Paris Peace Talks
SALT, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Seven Points,
peace plan presented by Kissinger on May 31, 1971, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho; peace plan presented by the NLF Delegation in July 1971 at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks
Eight Points,
peace plan presented by President Nixon in a May 14, 1969, speech to the nation; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 16, 1971, at his meeting with Xuan Thuy; peace plan presented by the PRG Delegation on September 17, 1970, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks
Nine Points,
peace plan presented by Xuan Thuy on June 26, 1971
Ten Points,
peace plan presented by NLF delegate Madame Binh on May 8, 1969, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; peace plan presented by Le Duc Tho on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Kissinger; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 14, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho
Two-Point Elaboration,
elaboration of the Ten Point peace plan presented by the DRV Delegation on February 2, 1972, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks
Twelve Points,
peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho
strategic hamlets, a South Vietnamese Government program to counter Viet Cong control in the countryside. The government relocated farmers into fortified hamlets to provide defense, economic aid, and political assistance to residents. The hope was that protection from Viet Cong raids and taxation would bind the rural populace to the government and gain their loyalty. The program started in 1962, but was fatally undermined by over expansion and poor execution. By 1964 it had clearly failed.
GVN, Government of (South) Vietnam
RVN, Republic of (South) Vietnam
RVNAF, Republic of (South) Vietnam Armed Forces
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/terms
***
Discover the Truth at:
https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/
https://documents2.theblackvault.com/documents/cia/EOM-2019-00201-highlighted.pdf
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