Lãnh Thổ Lãnh Hải Việt-Nam

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/north-vietnamese-decision-making-1973-1975

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86565&fo[0]=86565

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/cable-central-military-party-committee-cosvn-military-headquarters

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/100279/download

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/176053

Google Translated không chính xác

Digital Archive

International History Declassified

Wilson Center Digital Archive Transcript - Vietnamese

ĐIỆN CỦA QUÂN ỦY TRUNG ƯƠNG GỬI BỘ TƯ LỆNH MIỀN

(Điện ngày 1 tháng 4 năm 1975)

"... Đúng như Bộ Chính trị đã nhận định, chiến tranh cách mạng ở miền Nam đang bước vào giai đoạn phát triển nhảy vọt.

Hiện nay ta đã có đầy đủ lực lượng và khả năng để giành thắng lợi hoàn toàn trong một thời gian ngắn hơn dự kiến rất nhiều.

Vấn đề quyết định là phải kịp thời nắm lấy thời cơ,... tranh thủ vào trung tuần tháng 4 thì bắt đầu cuộc tiến công quy mô lớn vào Sài Gòn.

Làm được như vậy thì thuận lợi nhất, bảo đảm thắng lợi giòn giã nhất. Bất ngờ hiện nay không còn ở phương hướng lớn nữa.

Địch biết nhất định ta sẽ đánh Sài Gòn nhưng chúng cho rằng ta cần chuẩn bị một - hai tháng. Vì vậy, bất ngờ hiện nay chủ yếu là ở khâu thời gian.

Một mặt cần cơ động lực lượng nhanh chóng, thần tốc, mặt khác sử dụng ngay lực lượng hiện có để kịp thời hành động, không chờ đợi tập trung lực lượng đông đủ mới làm ăn.

Chính theo ý nghĩa đó mà Bộ Chính trị đã khẳng định từ giờ phút này trận quyết chiến chiến lược Sài Gòn đã bắt đầu.

... Giữa hai phương án cơ bản, một là bao vây dài ngày tạo điều kiện rồi dứt điểm, hai là tiến công táo bạo từ đầu, đánh nhanh, dứt điểm nhanh, thì nay nên chọn phương

án 2, tức là làm thật nhanh, thật táo bạo; đồng thời có sự chuẩn bị trong điều kiện nào đó nếu cần thì chủ động sang phương án 1 cũng nhằm giành thắng lợi cuối cùng

trong một thời gian ngắn...

Với lực lượng sẵn có, cần hành động kịp thời để lợi dụng mọi thời cơ cụ thể do địch hoang mang và lúng túng đưa lại, tiến công liên tiếp, giành thắng lợi liên tiếp, làm đảo lộn mọi mưu đồ chấn chỉnh lực lượng hoặc tăng cường viện trợ của Mỹ.

Thời gian hiện nay phải tính từng ngày. Phải thần tốc, thần tốc, toàn thắng, nhất định toàn thắng".

April 1, 1975

Cable from the Central Military Party Committee to COSVN Military Headquarters

This document was made possible with support from MacArthur Foundation

… Exactly as the Politburo had earlier concluded, our revolutionary war in South Vietnam is entering a phase of advancing by leaps and bounds.

We currently have sufficient forces and capabilities to win total victory much more quickly than we had originally anticipated.

The decisive factor will be that we must quickly seize our opportunity…and strive to begin a large-scale offensive against Saigon by the middle of April.

If we can do that, this would be our best chance and would ensure the best and most complete victory for our side. Surprise no longer exists regarding our primary sector.

The enemy knows for certain that we will attack Saigon, but he believes that we will need one or two months to prepare for such an attack.

Therefore, surprise now lies primarily in the matter of timing. On the one hand, we need to move forces in quickly, at lightning speed, while on the other hand we take immediate action using the forces currently in place so that we can act quickly without waiting to concentrate all of our forces before attacking.

That is the meaning of the Politburo’s declaration that the decisive strategic battle for Saigon has now begun.

…With respect to the two basic plans, one being to conduct a long siege in order to create the necessary conditions before we overrun and finish the enemy off,

and the second being to attack boldly right from the start, attacking quickly to finish the enemy off quickly, at this time we should select the second plan,

meaning that we should act very quickly and very boldly.

At the same time we should make preparations so that, if it becomes necessary, we can shift to Plan 1, although also with the goal of securing final and complete victory in a short period of time. …

Using the forces you have on hand, you must act quickly to exploit any and every opportunity that may be caused by the enemy’s fear and confusion.

Attack continuously, making a series of attacks to win a series of victories that will upset all of the enemy’s plans to regroup and reorganize their forces and any increases in U.S. aid and support.

Time now must be measured in days, and every day counts. You must move with lightning speed, lightning speed, win total victory, we must win total victory.”

[Translator’s note: Emphasis in the original Vietnamese text]

Cable from the Central Military Party Committee analyzing the situation of the South Vietnamese revolution and offering guidance on attack plans.

Author(s):

Vietnam. Central Military Party Committee

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/north-vietnamese-decision-making-1973-1975

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86565&fo[0]=86565

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/cable-central-military-party-committee-cosvn-military-headquarters

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/100279/download

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/176053

20250601 CDTL Chuyện Đi Rước Giặc 2 Apr 1975 Chỉ Thị 971B Võ Nguyên Giáp Gửi Lê Đức Thọ

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/north-vietnamese-decision-making-1973-1975

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86565&fo[0]=86565

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/100284/download

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/176058

Google Translated không chính xác

Digital Archive

International History Declassified

April 2, 1975

Cable No. 971B from Brother Van [Vo Nguyen Giap] to Brother Sau [Le Duc Tho]

This document was made possible with support from MacArthur Foundation

Ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 1975

Điện tín số 971B của Anh Văn [Võ Nguyên Giáp] gửi Anh Sáu [Lê Đức Thọ]

Tài liệu này được thực hiện với sự hỗ trợ của Quỹ MacArthur

(Reference Brother Ba’s [Le Duan] Cable No. 956, 1 April 1975)

(Tham khảo điện tín số 956 của Anh Ba [Lê Duẩn], ngày 1 tháng 4 năm 1975)

With regard to the battle plan at the focal point target, because the situation is developing so rapidly,

Về kế hoạch tác chiến tại mục tiêu trọng điểm, do tình hình diễn biến quá nhanh,

as a follow-up to Brother Ba’s [Le Duan] cable I have sent a number of ideas to Brothers Bay Cuong [Pham Hung], Tuan [Van Tien Dung], and Tu Nguyen [Tran Van Tra]

để tiếp nối bức điện của Anh Ba [Lê Duẩn], tôi đã gửi một số ý tưởng cho Anh Bảy Cường [Phạm Hùng], Anh Tuấn [Văn Tiến Dũng] và Anh Tư Nguyên [Trần Văn Trà]

so that they would have time to study them in order to be able to begin their work of carrying out the spirit of the Politburo’s instructions

để họ có thời gian nghiên cứu để có thể bắt tay vào công tác thực hiện tinh thần chỉ thị của Bộ Chính trị

that they need to have a plan to take quick, timely action with the forces that they have on hand, especially in the event of a political upheaval in Saigon,

rằng họ cần có một kế hoạch để hành động nhanh chóng, kịp thời với các lực lượng mà họ có trong tay, đặc biệt là trong trường hợp có biến động chính trị ở Sài Gòn,

while at the same they must also prepare a plan for follow-up actions using the additional reinforcements being sent down there

trong khi cùng lúc đó họ cũng phải chuẩn bị một kế hoạch cho các hành động tiếp theo bằng cách sử dụng lực lượng tăng viện bổ sung được gửi xuống đó

from the B3 Front and from up here [North Vietnam].

từ Mặt trận B3 và từ đây [Bắc Việt Nam].

Deaf Hoa’s unit [Nguyen Hoa] has been ordered to move out quickly with two of its own divisions, the 320^th and the 312^th, along with [Nguyen] Huu An’s 325^th Division.

Đơn vị của Điếc Hoa [Nguyễn Hòa] đã được lệnh di chuyển nhanh chóng với hai sư đoàn của mình, sư đoàn 320 và sư đoàn 312, cùng với Sư đoàn 325 của Nguyễn Hữu An.

They are taking these troops from Tri Thien and Quang Da in order to try to have the lead unit arrive in the Dong Xoai area circa 10 April.

Họ đang đưa những đội quân này từ Trị Thiên và Quảng Đà để cố gắng đưa đơn vị dẫn đầu đến khu vực Đồng Xoài vào khoảng ngày 10 tháng 4.

The technical specialty branch units are all now on the road and moving rapidly.

Các đơn vị chuyên ngành kỹ thuật hiện nay đều đã lên đường và di chuyển nhanh chóng.

I will provide you with the details of our movement plan for the reinforcement units.

Tôi sẽ cung cấp cho bạn thông tin chi tiết về kế hoạch di chuyển của các đơn vị tiếp viện.

We have sent cadre down to supervise the movement along the route and to push the units forward quickly.

Chúng tôi đã cử cán bộ xuống để giám sát việc di chuyển dọc theo tuyến đường và thúc đẩy các đơn vị tiến lên nhanh chóng.

Brother Tuan [Van Tien Dung] has probably already sent you a cable informing you that Ba and Dam’s troops have left and will arrive on 6 April

Anh Tuấn [Văn Tiến Dũng] có lẽ đã gửi cho anh một bức điện báo tin quân của Ba và Đầm đã rời đi và sẽ đến vào ngày 6 tháng 4.

[Translator’s Note: This probably refers to 316^th Division, commanded by Dam Van Nguy.] The 320^th Division will follow and will arrive on 12 April.

[Ghi chú của người dịch: Có lẽ đây là Sư đoàn 316 do Đàm Văn Nguy chỉ huy.] Sư đoàn 320 sẽ theo sau và sẽ đến vào ngày 12 tháng 4.

As for the 10^th Division, it has destroyed the airborne brigade and is now advancing eastward rapidly.

Về phần Sư đoàn 10, lực lượng này đã tiêu diệt được lữ đoàn không quân và hiện đang tiến nhanh về phía đông.

This means that we have been able to expand our offensive posture to win victories continuously, victories that also make it difficult for the enemy to predict

Điều này có nghĩa là chúng ta đã có thể mở rộng thế tấn công để giành chiến thắng liên tục, những chiến thắng khiến kẻ thù khó có thể dự đoán được.

where we will direct our primary effort. As for timing, according to what Brother Tuan has told us,

nơi chúng ta sẽ hướng nỗ lực chính của mình. Về thời gian, theo những gì Anh Tuấn đã nói với chúng tôi,

it will take them [the 10^th Division] no longer than if they had turned around and gone back to follow the old route.

sẽ không mất nhiều thời gian hơn cho họ [Sư đoàn 10] so với việc họ quay lại và đi theo lộ trình cũ.

We believe that this is a good idea, and Brother Ba [Le Duan] agrees.

Chúng tôi tin rằng đây là một ý kiến hay và anh Ba [Lê Duẩn] đồng ý.

We have just received Brother Tu Nguyen’s [Tran Van Tra] cable on the battle plan.

Chúng tôi vừa nhận được điện tín của anh Tú Nguyên [Trần Văn Trà] về kế hoạch tác chiến.

The contents reveal a greater effort, but it is divided into two stages, one stage in April and one stage in May, still following the pace of the old two-year plan.

Nội dung thể hiện nỗ lực lớn hơn, nhưng được chia thành hai giai đoạn, một giai đoạn vào tháng 4 và một giai đoạn vào tháng 5, vẫn theo tiến độ của kế hoạch hai năm cũ.

I have sent a cable to Brothers Bay [Pham Hung] and Tu [Tran Van Tra] telling them that they need to act more boldly

Tôi đã gửi một bức điện tín cho anh em Bay [Phạm Hùng] và Tu [Trần Văn Trà] nói với họ rằng họ cần phải hành động táo bạo hơn

in accordance with the spirit of the Politburo’s instructions. The people down there [at COSVN] have received Brother Ba’s [Le Duan] cable

theo đúng tinh thần chỉ thị của Bộ Chính trị. Những người ở đó [tại COSVN] đã nhận được điện tín của Anh Ba [Lê Duẩn]

and have replied that they are in complete agreement with the Politburo.

và đã trả lời rằng họ hoàn toàn nhất trí với Bộ Chính trị.

They said that they are very excited and confident and that they are now discussing developing a new plan. Tuan will arrive down there on the 3^rd of April.

Họ nói rằng họ rất phấn khích và tự tin và hiện đang thảo luận về việc phát triển một kế hoạch mới. Tuan sẽ đến đó vào ngày 3 tháng 4.

I wish you the best of health.

Chúc bạn sức khỏe dồi dào.

[signed]

Van [Vo Nguyen Giap]

[ký tên]

Văn [Võ Nguyên Giáp]

Cable from Vo Nguyen Giap to Le Duc Tho to brief him on the battle plan and required logistics.

Author(s):

Võ, Nguyên Giáp (Vo Nguyen Giap)

Điện tín từ Võ Nguyên Giáp gửi Lê Đức Thọ để tóm tắt cho ông về kế hoạch chiến đấu và hậu cần cần thiết.

Tác giả:

• Võ, Nguyên Giáp (Vo Nguyen Giap)

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/north-vietnamese-decision-making-1973-1975

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/search?f[0]=topics:86565&fo[0]=86565

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/100284/download

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/176058

20250601 CDTL RMN MemConv Paris August 1, 1972 D16

Sources

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/sources

Abbreviations and Terms

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/terms

Persons

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/persons

Vietnam: The Kissinger-Le Duc Tho Negotiations, August 1969–December 1973

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/comp1

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/ch4

1. Document 16

Foreign Relations, 1969–1976, Volume XLII, Vietnam: The Kissinger-Le Duc Tho Negotiations

16. Memorandum of Conversation1

Paris, August 1, 1972, 9:57 a.m.–6:04 p.m.

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/d16

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_324

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_325

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_326

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_327

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_328

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_329

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_330

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_331

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_332

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_333

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_334

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_335

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_336

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_337

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_338

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_339

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_340

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_341

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_342

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_343

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_344

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_345

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_346

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_347

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_348

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_349

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_350

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_351

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_352

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_353

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_354

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_355

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_356

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_357

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_358

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_359

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_360

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_361

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_362

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_363

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_364

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_365

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_366

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_367

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_368

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_369

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_370

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_371

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_372

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_373

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/pg_374

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v08/d225

Thân thế (các) nhân vật/

Nguyen Thi Binh,

often referred to as Madame Binh, Foreign Minister, Provisional Revolutionary Government, and Head of the NLF/PRG Delegation to the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks from 1969 until 1972

Engel, David A.,

member, National Security Council staff—Interpreter

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/d22

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v09/d1

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v09/d27

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/d33

https://inss.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/strat-monograph/The-NSC-Staff.pdf?ver=2016-11-15-154433-837

https://www.brookings.edu/articles/a-new-nsc-for-a-new-administration/

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v09/d3

Fonda, Jane,

U.S. film actress, anti-war activist

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Fonda

https://alphahistory.com/coldwar/jane-fonda/

https://time.com/5116479/jane-fonda-hanoi-jane-nickname/

Guay, Georges R.,

Colonel, USAF; Air Attaché, U.S. Embassy in Paris; conduit for U.S. messages to North Vietnamese in Paris, also handled logistical arrangements for Kissinger and his party during negotiating trips to Paris

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/persons

https://www.airandspaceforces.com/PDF/SiteCollectionDocuments/Reports/2011/February%202011/Day08/FRUS1969-76v08.pdf

https://goodtimesweb.org/frus/frus1969-76ve11p2.pdf

https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Biographies/Display/Article/106900/brigadier-general-georges-r-guay/

https://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient/recipient-47346/

https://archives.denverlibrary.org/repositories/3/archival_objects/1324794

https://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/grguay.htm

Haig Alexander Meigs, Jr.,

Major General, USA, Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until January 1973; Army Vice Chief of Staff from January until August 1973; Assistant to the President and White House Chief of Staff from August 1973 until August 1974

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Haig

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/United_States_Army_Staff_Identification_Badge.png/426px-United_States_Army_Staff_Identification_Badge.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy_National_Security_Advisor_(United_States)

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/haig-alexander-meigs

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/secretary

https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1971.html

http://rs5.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/uploaded_pdf/ead_pdf_batch_16_june_2011/ms011082.pdf

Harriman, W. Averell,

Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs until April 3, 1963; thereafter Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs and Chairman of the Special Group for Counterinsurgency

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman#References

https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/harriman-william-averell

https://adst.org/oral-history/fascinating-figures/averell-harriman-the-old-crocodile-of-diplomacy/

https://www.britannica.com/biography/W-Averell-Harriman

https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Harriman-365

https://www.wikitree.com/genealogy/HARRIMAN

Tran Van Huong,

Prime Minister, Republic of (South) Vietnam from October 1964 until January 1965 and May until August 1969; Vice President from 1971 until 1975; President from April 21 until 28, 1975

Henry A. Kissinger

Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until November 3, 1975; also Secretary of State from September 21, 1973

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/20/bilderberg-meeting-group-lisbon-kissinger

https://www.theguardian.com/world/bilderberg

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve13/summary

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip

https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/styles/article_node_featured/public/article/featured-image/kissinger-zhou-sm_0.jpg?itok=qDjPx2_m

https://china.usc.edu/catalog/documents/us-china

http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2001/nr01-47.html

https://china.usc.edu/talking-points-july-22-august-3-2011

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#meetings

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#nixon-announcement

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#chinese-accept

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#signals

https://china.usc.edu/getting-beijing-henry-kissingers-secret-1971-trip#the_aim

http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23927/richard-m-nixon/asia-after-viet-nam

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d4

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d12

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d13

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d141

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger_and_the_Vietnam_War

Kraft, Joseph,

columnist and journalist for various newspapers, including The Washington Post, The New York Times, and The Los Angeles Times, and for Field Newspapers Syndicate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kraft

https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/11/obituaries/joseph-kraft-captial-columnist-whose-work-ran-in-200-papers.html

https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-01-11-mn-26762-story.html

https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/archives/cul-4078417

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-D5_400-PURL-gpo129228/pdf/GOVPUB-D5_400-PURL-gpo129228.pdf

https://washingtonmonthly.com/1975/03/01/the-most-famous-journalist-in-america/

Le Duc Tho,

member of the Politburo of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Special Advisor to, and de facto head of, the DRV Delegation to the Paris Peace Talks on Vietnam until 1973; Special Adviser to the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam from January 1973

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people/le-duc-tho-le-duc-tho

Lewis, Anthony,

journalist and columnist, The New York Times

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Lewis

https://cpj.org/awards/anthony-lewis-journalist-united-states/

https://www.wgcu.org/2013-03-26/remembering-journalist-anthony-lewis

https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/3/26/Lewis-Reporter-Dies-Journalist/

https://niemanreports.org/authors/anthony-lewis/

Lord, Winston,

member, National Security Council staff until 1973; Director of the Policy Planning Staff, Department of State from October 1973 until January 1977

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Lord

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_Policy_Planning

https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/19981208.pdf

https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/19991104.pdf

https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/22669-document-04-winston-lord-director-policy

https://www.ncafp.org/about-us/faps-board-of-advisors/ambassador-winston-lord/

Negroponte, John D.,

Foreign Service Officer in Saigon from 1964 until 1968; attached to U.S. Delegation to (plenary) Paris Peace Talks from 1968 until 1969; member, National Security Council Staff from 1970 until 1973

https://history.state.gov/conferences/2010-southeast-asia/ambassador-negroponte

https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/coldwar/interviews/episode-16/negroponte1.html

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/persons

https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2017/12/foreign-service-accounts-from-the-oral-history-archives-ambassador-john-d-negroponte/

https://afsa.org/2021-award-lifetime-contributions-american-diplomacy-conversation-john-d-negroponte

https://www.digitalcommonwealth.org/search/commonwealth-oai:dv141z12j

https://adst.org/oral-history/fascinating-figures/john-d-negroponte-diplomatic-life-controversy-consequence/

https://goodtimesweb.org/frus/frus1969-76v42.pdf

Nguyen Dinh Phuong,

interpreter, DRV Delegation to the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations

Nguyen Duy Trinh,

Deputy Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam from 1965 until 1976; member, Politburo from 1960 until 1976,

Nguyen Van Thieu,

President of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) until April 21, 1975

PHỎNG VẤN VỚI LỊCH SỬ - TỔNG THỐNG NGUYỄN VĂN THIỆU - Năm 1972

https://www.facebook.com/groups/373876840199844/permalink/1216306329290220/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/373876840199844/

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67J_48hfPik

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INAfcRW3Prc

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_tOrafUIOY

Phỏng vấn cố Tổng thống VNCH Nguyễn Văn Thiệu full

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_36BXxpEjw

Tổng thống Nguyễn Văn Thiệu đáp trả xuất sắc những gì Kissinger đề cập về Vietnam War | NAMDUONGTV

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrA2OaHueFM&t=1802s

3/29/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees

4/3/75 - Phnom Penh Evacuation

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (1)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (2)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (3)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (4)

4/29/75 - Final Evacuation of Saigon (1)

4/29/75 - Final Evacuation of Saigon (2)

Dau Bach Ho1X Feb 11 1975 Thieu

https://www.facebook.com/1831861973/posts/pfbid0FNN9UXFDYKuR9u6VPb8AeWRsknsNLsCZfgZBuKXWyZbzcGtGmPzrX65JtfUFrWykl/?d=n&mibextid=qC1gEa

Tôi Không Chết Đâu | Hồi Ức Miền Nam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJdQN0DYBvA

Thư Tổng Thống Thiệu Gửi Tổng Thống Gerald Ford

https://bachvietnhan.blogspot.com/2024/03/20240322-cdtl-thu-thieu-gui-gerald-ford.html

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d166

Cambodia Arms and Ammunition to the Vietnamese Communists

Discover the Truth at:

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

https://documents2.theblackvault.com/documents/cia/EOM-2019-00201-highlighted.pdf

Giây Phút Xé Lòng | Hồi Ức Miền Nam | Hồi Ký Miền Nam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WVwGiPD8Cs&t=2329

The Palace File Paperback – January 1, 1989

by Nguyen Tien Hung (Author), Jerrold L. Schecter (Author)

https://www.amazon.com/Palace-File-Nguyen-Tien-Hung/dp/0060915722

https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/2098486

Khi đồng minh tháo chạy

Nguyen Tien Hung

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32865811-khi-ng-minh-th-o-ch-y?ref=nav_sb_noss_l_23

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 1 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDhuGRvfKjw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 2 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZceUYCf7rqA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 3 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2ET40EOGno

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 4 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFzsesWm25E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 5 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2GMhs4DmBI

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 6 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMxfY_QGgwo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 7 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kvjmvn78kgo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 8 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sylK7RDtLrc

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 9 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmF6urvaz0c

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 10 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Ig4PIzMFZM

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 11 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUFtNrT9sRo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 12 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4KYPScqNMY

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 13 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29lrLqX6vEo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 14 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-WAarbW-fo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 15 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GAo2fXzGBQ

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 16 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4Kb37dchNw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 17 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DChfJXgR-8

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 18 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCYj9b4Tw6E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 19 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qm45ygXmqzY

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 20 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvUiF8wVJBg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 21 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIZRlk6m4Eg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 22 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNv27DbdcOI

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 23 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-C5qfHEJNu4

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 24 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyg98DfK31E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 25 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxcX0dKgKlA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 26 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adUtaGlDcho

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 27 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-1xxI1OWh8

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 28 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PazkNBf3rGA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 29 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpIbsM20p14

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 30 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_ZcLZtx_6M

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 31 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4u5jqW3nbg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 32 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHHx5wQlabw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 33 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gpKZuQNdJJU

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 34 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Dễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGesHXnpZkw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 35 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6ZOXJyjMTk

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 36 Cuối Cùng / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYztC95fn4M

Khi Đồng Minh Nhảy Vào

https://www.amazon.com/-/es/Nguy%E1%BB%85n-Ti%E1%BA%BFn-H%C6%B0ng/dp/1495148629

Khi Đồng Minh Tháo Chạy Hardcover – January 1, 2005

https://www.amazon.com/Khi-%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng-Minh-Th%C3%A1o-Ch%E1%BA%A1y/dp/B00GQIWRA6

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32865811-khi-ng-minh-th-o-ch-y

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 1)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7YpCRv6MlI&t=487s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 2)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX9-eocj8hQ&t=803s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 3)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6rCp-RnGQ4&t=561s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 4)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Y1YWYjcYUs

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 5)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL7LO65oI_k&t=11s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 6)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsYcJCD0cwY

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 7)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kclMjgFLtUw&t=371s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 8)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bsh7jTMF_o

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 9)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzhsA-ZZQ4Q&t=1265s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 10)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKBXiYNQMbc&t=18s

Bỏ Rơi Hay Phản Bội/ Tác Giả Bùi Anh Trinh/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3Seaq3ymmE

Chuyện Chưa Kể Về TT Thiệu Lúc Rời Khỏi Sài Gòn- (Ông và Nhân Viên Tùy Tùng May Mắn Thoát Chết)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoFEncck23U

20241102 Nixon Kissinger and the Decent Interval

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

A Decent Interval

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xPzs3NZdN4

Richard Nixon Addresses The "Decent Interval Theory"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Q-H0281kfM

Transcript

In the Oval Office on August 3, 1972, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger tells President Richard Nixon that there’s a 50-50 chance of reaching a settlement with North Vietnam.

That deal would give Nixon a “decent interval,” a face-saving delay of a year or two between his final withdrawal of American troops and the Communists’ final takeover of South Vietnam. “We’ve got to find some formula that holds the thing together [for] a year or two, after which — after a year, Mr. President, Vietnam will be a backwater. If we settle it, say, this October, by January ’74 no one will give a damn.”

August 3, 1972

Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger

Conversation: 760-006

Having established a framework for an armistice and the departure a American troops from Vietnam, President Nixon and National Security Adviser Henry A. Kissinger discussed the future trajectory of the war. Most importantly, they wanted to secure a “decent interval” between the removal of those troops, Nixon’s reelection in 1972 and the expected fall of Saigon. At this point in the conversation, Kissinger had just told Nixon they had a 50/50 chance of reaching a settlement with North Vietnam.

President Nixon: Now, let’s look at that just a moment again, think about it some more, but… let’s be perfectly… cold-blooded about it. If you look at it from the standpoint of our game… with the Soviets and the Chinese, from the standpoint of running this country… I think we could take, in my view, almost anything, frankly, that we can force on Nguyễn Văn Thiệu. Almost anything. I just come down to that. You know what I mean?

President Nixon: Because I have a feeling we would not be doing, like I feel about the Israel, I feel that in the long run we’re probably not doing them an in – a disfavor due to the fact that I feel that the North Vietnamese are so badly hurt that the South Vietnamese are probably going to do fairly well. [Kissinger attempts to interject.] But also due to the fact-because I look at the tide of history out there-South Vietnam probably is never going to survive anyway. I’m just being perfectly candid. I-

Henry A. Kissinger: In the pull-out area-

President Nixon: [Unclear] we’ve got to be – if we can get certain guarantees so that they aren’t… as you know, looking at the foreign policy process, though, I mean, you’ve got to be-we also have to realize, Henry, that winning an election is terribly important.

It’s terribly important this year. But can we have a viable foreign policy if a year from now or two years from now, North Vietnam gobbles up South Vietnam? That’s the real question.

Kissinger: If a year or two year from now North Vietnam gobbles up South Vietnam, we can have a viable foreign policy if it looks as if it’s the result of South Vietnamese incompetence.

Kissinger: If we now sell out in such a way that, say, within a three-to four-month period, we have pushed President Thieu over the brink-we-ourselves-I think, there is going to be -even the Chinese won’t like that. I mean, they’ll pay verbal-verbally, they’ll like it.

President Nixon: But it’ll worry them.

Kissinger: But it will worry everybody. And domestically in the long run it won’t help us all that much because our opponents will say we should’ve done it three years ago.

President Nixon: I know.

Kissinger: So we’ve got to find formula that holds the thing together a year or two, after which-after a year, Mr. President, Vietnam will be a backwater. If we settle it, this October, by January 74 no one will give a damn.

President Nixon: Yeah, having in mind the fact that, you know, as we all know, the-the analogy-comparison [to] Algeria is not on-I not at all for us. But on the other hand, nobody gives a goddamn about what happened to Algeria-

Kissinger: Mm-hmm.

President Nixon: -after they got out. [chuckling] You know what I mean? But Vietnam, I must say… Jesus, they’ve fought so long, dying, and now… I don’t know.

End of excerpt.

Miller Center

University of Virginia

https://millercenter.org/

“Richard M. Nixon and Kissinger on 3 August 1972,” Conversation 760-006, Presidential Recordings Digital Edition [Fatal Politics, ed. Ken Huges] (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014-). URL:https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006748

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

Discover the Truth at:

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

PHỎNG VẤN ÔNG THIỆU: Về vấn đề Cộng Sản sau hiệp định Paris (phụ đề Pháp Việt)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUCl1EwGBuo

Nixon Richard M.,

Vice President of the United States

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon

https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/

https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm

Nixon, Richard M.,

President of the United States

https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/100324.pdf

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon

https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm

Nixon had a Trip to China from February 21 to 28 1972,

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/nixons-trip-china

http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.pdf

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10a.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-656-10b.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1a.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-92-1b.mp3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/tapeexcerpts/china-21-56.mp3

https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault-vietnam/2023-03-24/movement-and-madman

Phan Hien,

member, DRV Delegation to Paris Conference on Vietnam, DRV Delegation to the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations

Pineau, Julienne L.,

notetaker, U.S. Delegation to the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations

https://goodtimesweb.org/frus/frus1969-76v42.pdf

https://www.nsa.gov/Helpful-Links/NSA-FOIA/Declassification-Transparency-Initiatives/Historical-Releases/Vietnam-Paris-Peace-Talks/smdpage14708/2/

https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/vietnam-the-kissinger-le-duc-tho-negotiations-august-1969-december-1973

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42

https://www.fold3.com/image/268756396/1971-1972-page-70-us-vietnam-service-awards-1965-1973?ann=05400310-e42a-11e7-873f-a3f4eaf876b3

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/taxonomy/term/569

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/868/conversation-868-015

https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/nixon/rn-wht/17409633/7450009/37-wht-conversation-868-015-pa.mp3

Porter, William J.,

Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, Department of State from 1973 until 1974

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/under-secretary-for-political-affairs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_State_for_Political_Affairs

https://1997-2001.state.gov/about_state/history/officers/usecpol.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Porter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Algeria

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_South_Korea

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Canada

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Saudi_Arabia

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/porter-william-james

Rodman, Peter W.,

member, National Security Council staff

https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/government/rodman-bio.html

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/guides/findingaid/nsarodmanfiles.asp

https://www.henryakissinger.com/remembrances/eulogy-for-peter-w-rodman/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rodman

Salisbury, Harrison E.,

correspondent, The New York Times; assistant managing editor from 1964 until 1972; associate editor from 1972 until 1973

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Salisbury

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harrison-E-Salisbury

https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/exhibits/show/global-revolutions/combat-zone--vietnam/harrison-salisbury-in-hanoi

https://virginiahistory.org/learn/reporter-who-knew-too-much-harrison-salisbury-0

https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/archives/cul-5685745

Nguyen Van Thieu,

President of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) until April 21, 1975

PHỎNG VẤN VỚI LỊCH SỬ - TỔNG THỐNG NGUYỄN VĂN THIỆU - Năm 1972

https://www.facebook.com/groups/373876840199844/permalink/1216306329290220/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/373876840199844/

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67J_48hfPik

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INAfcRW3Prc

Tổng thống Thiệu trả lời phỏng vấn năm 1972 (Ms.O Fallaci) - Ep.3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_tOrafUIOY

Phỏng vấn cố Tổng thống VNCH Nguyễn Văn Thiệu full

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_36BXxpEjw

Tổng thống Nguyễn Văn Thiệu đáp trả xuất sắc những gì Kissinger đề cập về Vietnam War | NAMDUONGTV

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrA2OaHueFM&t=1802s

3/29/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees

4/3/75 - Phnom Penh Evacuation

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (1)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (2)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (3)

4/5/75 - Evacuation of Vietnamese Refugees (4)

4/29/75 - Final Evacuation of Saigon (1)

4/29/75 - Final Evacuation of Saigon (2)

Dau Bach Ho1X Feb 11 1975 Thieu

https://www.facebook.com/1831861973/posts/pfbid0FNN9UXFDYKuR9u6VPb8AeWRsknsNLsCZfgZBuKXWyZbzcGtGmPzrX65JtfUFrWykl/?d=n&mibextid=qC1gEa

Tôi Không Chết Đâu | Hồi Ức Miền Nam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJdQN0DYBvA

Thư Tổng Thống Thiệu Gửi Tổng Thống Gerald Ford

https://bachvietnhan.blogspot.com/2024/03/20240322-cdtl-thu-thieu-gui-gerald-ford.html

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d166

Cambodia Arms and Ammunition to the Vietnamese Communists

Discover the Truth at:

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

https://documents2.theblackvault.com/documents/cia/EOM-2019-00201-highlighted.pdf

Giây Phút Xé Lòng | Hồi Ức Miền Nam | Hồi Ký Miền Nam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WVwGiPD8Cs&t=2329

The Palace File Paperback – January 1, 1989

by Nguyen Tien Hung (Author), Jerrold L. Schecter (Author)

https://www.amazon.com/Palace-File-Nguyen-Tien-Hung/dp/0060915722

https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/2098486

Khi đồng minh tháo chạy

Nguyen Tien Hung

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32865811-khi-ng-minh-th-o-ch-y?ref=nav_sb_noss_l_23

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 1 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDhuGRvfKjw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 2 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZceUYCf7rqA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 3 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2ET40EOGno

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 4 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFzsesWm25E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 5 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2GMhs4DmBI

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 6 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMxfY_QGgwo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 7 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kvjmvn78kgo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 8 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sylK7RDtLrc

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 9 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmF6urvaz0c

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 10 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Ig4PIzMFZM

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 11 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUFtNrT9sRo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 12 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4KYPScqNMY

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 13 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29lrLqX6vEo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 14 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-WAarbW-fo

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 15 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GAo2fXzGBQ

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 16 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4Kb37dchNw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 17 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DChfJXgR-8

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 18 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCYj9b4Tw6E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 19 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qm45ygXmqzY

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 20 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvUiF8wVJBg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 21 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIZRlk6m4Eg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 22 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNv27DbdcOI

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 23 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-C5qfHEJNu4

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 24 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyg98DfK31E

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 25 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxcX0dKgKlA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 26 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adUtaGlDcho

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 27 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-1xxI1OWh8

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 28 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PazkNBf3rGA

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 29 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpIbsM20p14

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 30 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_ZcLZtx_6M

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 31 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4u5jqW3nbg

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 32 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHHx5wQlabw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 33 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gpKZuQNdJJU

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 34 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Dễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGesHXnpZkw

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 35 / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6ZOXJyjMTk

Hồ Sơ Mật Dinh Độc Lập Phần 36 Cuối Cùng / Nguyễn Tiến Hưng/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYztC95fn4M

Khi Đồng Minh Nhảy Vào

https://www.amazon.com/-/es/Nguy%E1%BB%85n-Ti%E1%BA%BFn-H%C6%B0ng/dp/1495148629

Khi Đồng Minh Tháo Chạy Hardcover – January 1, 2005

https://www.amazon.com/Khi-%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng-Minh-Th%C3%A1o-Ch%E1%BA%A1y/dp/B00GQIWRA6

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32865811-khi-ng-minh-th-o-ch-y

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 1)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7YpCRv6MlI&t=487s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 2)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX9-eocj8hQ&t=803s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 3)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6rCp-RnGQ4&t=561s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 4)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Y1YWYjcYUs

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 5)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL7LO65oI_k&t=11s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 6)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsYcJCD0cwY

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 7)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kclMjgFLtUw&t=371s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 8)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bsh7jTMF_o

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 9)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzhsA-ZZQ4Q&t=1265s

HỒI KÝ: NHỮNG UẤT HẬN TRONG TRẬN CHIẾN MẤT NƯỚC 1975 (Phần 10)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKBXiYNQMbc&t=18s

Bỏ Rơi Hay Phản Bội/ Tác Giả Bùi Anh Trinh/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3Seaq3ymmE

Chuyện Chưa Kể Về TT Thiệu Lúc Rời Khỏi Sài Gòn- (Ông và Nhân Viên Tùy Tùng May Mắn Thoát Chết)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoFEncck23U

20241102 Nixon Kissinger and the Decent Interval

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

A Decent Interval

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xPzs3NZdN4

Richard Nixon Addresses The "Decent Interval Theory"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Q-H0281kfM

Transcript

In the Oval Office on August 3, 1972, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger tells President Richard Nixon that there’s a 50-50 chance of reaching a settlement with North Vietnam.

August 3, 1972

Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger

Conversation: 760-006

Henry A. Kissinger: In the pull-out area-

It’s terribly important this year. But can we have a viable foreign policy if a year from now or two years from now, North Vietnam gobbles up South Vietnam? That’s the real question.

Kissinger: If a year or two year from now North Vietnam gobbles up South Vietnam, we can have a viable foreign policy if it looks as if it’s the result of South Vietnamese incompetence.

President Nixon: But it’ll worry them.

Kissinger: But it will worry everybody. And domestically in the long run it won’t help us all that much because our opponents will say we should’ve done it three years ago.

President Nixon: I know.

Kissinger: Mm-hmm.

President Nixon: -after they got out. [chuckling] You know what I mean? But Vietnam, I must say… Jesus, they’ve fought so long, dying, and now… I don’t know.

End of excerpt.

Miller Center

University of Virginia

https://millercenter.org/

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/nixon-kissinger-and-the-decent-interval

https://player.vimeo.com/video/889937807?h=e44572c8f3&color=e57200&title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

Discover the Truth at:

https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/the-cias-vietnam-document-cd-rom/

PHỎNG VẤN ÔNG THIỆU: Về vấn đề Cộng Sản sau hiệp định Paris (phụ đề Pháp Việt)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUCl1EwGBuo

Le Duc Tho,

https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people/le-duc-tho-le-duc-tho

Xuan Thuy

Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Head of the DRV Delegation to the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; also, titular Head of the DRV Delegation to the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations, occasionally meeting with Kissinger in Le Duc Tho’s stead; usually referred to as Minister

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu%C3%A2n_Th%E1%BB%A7y

Ziegler, Ronald,

Assistant to the President and White House Press Secretary from 1969 until 1974

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Ziegler

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Press_Secretary

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/finding-aids/ronald-l-ziegler-white-house-special-files-staff-member-and-office-files

https://www.britannica.com/topic/White-House-press-secretary#ref1302864

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/feb/12/guardianobituaries.usa

List of presidents of the United States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States

Eisenhower Administration

https://millercenter.org/president/eisenhower/dwight-d-eisenhower-administration

Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon: “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”

(We also had trouble with excesses here: when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280

Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf

https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html

List of Participants in the Geneva Conference on Indochina

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/ch5subch4

The Geneva Conference on Indochina May 8–July 21, 1954

[Page [396]] [Page 397]

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/comp2

Geneva Agreements 20-21 July 1954

https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf

March 10 1956 Election in South Vietnam

Election processes in South Vietnam

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP79T00826A000400010040-7.pdf

Vietnam’s Un-held 1956 Reunification Elections

https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/020691c4-6762-44f0-903b-390c67a04188/content

PRETENSE TO DEMOCRACY: THE U.S. ROLE IN THE SUBVERSION OF THE VIETNAMESE ELECTION OF 1956

https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2761&context=theses

Van Ban Hiep Dinh Paris 27011973

http://suthat-toiac.blogspot.com/2008/07/hip-nh-paris-2711973-vn-bn.html

Agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Viet-Nam.

Signed at Paris on 27 January 1973

https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/volume-935-I-13295-English.pdf

https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/v935.pdf

***

NLF=National Liberation Front=Mặt Trận Dân Tộc Giải Phóng,

PRG=Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam = Chính phủ Cách mạng Lâm thời Việt Nam,

DRVN= Democratic Republic of North Vietnam=Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa=cộng sản giặc Hồ .

DRV (also DRVN), Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam

NLF, National Liberation Front, Communist front organization in South Vietnam acting as political government of the insurgency; later renamed Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam

NVA, North Vietnamese Army, term used by the United States for the People’s Army of (North) Vietnam

PAVN, People’s Army of (North) Vietnam

PLAF, People’s Liberation Armed Forces, Communist forces in South Vietnam, synonymous with Viet Cong

PRG, Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam, political wing of the South Vietnamese Communist movement, replaced the National Liberation Front (NLF), but the terms are often used interchangeably

Paris Peace Talks, a loosely defined term that, depending on context, could mean the secret meetings between Henry Kissinger for the United States and Le Duc Tho for the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam or the 174 meetings of the public talks held from 1968 to 1973 between the United States and the Republic of (South) Vietnam on one side and the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam on the other; the latter were also known as Plenary or Avénue Kléber talks

Rue Darthé, 11 Rue Darthé, the address of one of the residences of the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam in the Paris suburb of Choisy-le-Roi used as a venue for the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations.

Avenue Kléber (also Ave. Kléber or Kléber), address of the International Conference Center at the Hotel Majestic in Paris, the site of the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; see also Paris Peace Talks

SALT, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Seven Points,

peace plan presented by Kissinger on May 31, 1971, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho; peace plan presented by the NLF Delegation in July 1971 at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks

Eight Points,

peace plan presented by President Nixon in a May 14, 1969, speech to the nation; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 16, 1971, at his meeting with Xuan Thuy; peace plan presented by the PRG Delegation on September 17, 1970, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks

Nine Points,

peace plan presented by Xuan Thuy on June 26, 1971

Ten Points,

peace plan presented by NLF delegate Madame Binh on May 8, 1969, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; peace plan presented by Le Duc Tho on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Kissinger; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 14, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho

Two-Point Elaboration,

elaboration of the Ten Point peace plan presented by the DRV Delegation on February 2, 1972, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks

Twelve Points,

peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho

strategic hamlets, a South Vietnamese Government program to counter Viet Cong control in the countryside. The government relocated farmers into fortified hamlets to provide defense, economic aid, and political assistance to residents. The hope was that protection from Viet Cong raids and taxation would bind the rural populace to the government and gain their loyalty. The program started in 1962, but was fatally undermined by over expansion and poor execution. By 1964 it had clearly failed.

GVN, Government of (South) Vietnam

RVN, Republic of (South) Vietnam

RVNAF, Republic of (South) Vietnam Armed Forces

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/terms

***

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