20231209 CDTL DDEIH Era Con Loc Tai Phiet P65

20231209 CDTL DDEIH Era Con Loc Tai Phiet P65

VIETNAM (Documents 1–411)

• III. LONG-RANGE PLANNING IN SOUTH VIETNAM, NOVEMBER 1955 TO DECEMBER 1957: INTERNAL SECURITY IN SOUTH VIETNAM; THE MAAG CEILING AND TERM; ELECTIONS FOR SOUTH VIETNAM’S NATIONAL ASSEMBLY; NSC CONSIDERATION OF LOCAL AGGRESSION IN VIETNAM; LAND REFORM AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN SOUTH VIETNAM; DIEM’S VISIT TO WASHINGTON; U.S. AID TO SOUTH VIETNAM FOR 1958 (Documents 277–411)

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1955–1957, Vietnam, Volume I

340. Telegram From the Ambassador in Vietnam (Reinhardt) to the Department of State1

Saigon, July 21, 1956—8 p.m.

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/pg_722

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/pg_723

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/pg_724

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d337

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d338

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.8.5

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.12.6

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.12.10

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.12.14

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.12.16

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/d340#fnref:1.7.4.4.14.172.14.40.2

Thân thế (các)nhân vật

https://www.history-matters.com/archive/vietnam/frus_61-63_4/pdf/FRUS_61-63_v4_Persons.pdf

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v19/persons

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/persons

Barrows, Leland,

Director of the United States Operations Mission in Vietnam

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leland_Barrows

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2029

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2027

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2023

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2032

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/library/oral-histories/barrowsl

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2025

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2019

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/taxonomy/term/4930

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/2014-2020

Ladejinsky, Wolf,

Land Reform Adviser in the United States Operations Mission in Vietnam, 1955–1956; thereafter an adviser to President Diem

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Ladejinsky

https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/ladejinsky-wolf

https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/04/archives/wolf-ladejinsky-land-reformer-dies-helped-to-break-feudal-system-in.html

Ngo Dinh Diem,

President of the Council of Ministers of the State of Vietnam to October 1955; thereafter President and Chief of State of the Republic of Vietnam

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngo_Dinh_Diem

https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/diem-coup

Nguyen Huu Chau,

Vietnamese Secretary of State at the Presidency and Secretary of the Interior from May 1955

Nguyen Ngoc Tho,

Minister of National Economy to December 1956; thereafter Vice President of the Republic of Vietnam

Nixon, Richard M.,

Vice President of the United States

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixon

https://www.britannica.com/event/Watergate-Scandal

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/14-nov-68-lbj-and-nixon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/14-november-1968-president-lyndon-johnson-and-president-elect-richard-nixon

https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/notes-indicate-nixon-interfered-1968-peace-talks-180961627/

https://th-thumbnailer.cdn-si-edu.com/26l17xNsW8a8pOyGibbKE-32dgE=/1000x750/filters:no_upscale()/https://tf-cmsv2-smithsonianmag-media.s3.amazonaws.com/filer/f4/cb/f4cb92c9-4131-4e0f-ae4a-307144393214/nixoncampaigns.jpg

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/honor/peopleevents/e_paris.html

https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nixon-prolonged-vietnam-war-for-political-gainand-johnson-knew-about-it-newly-unclassified-tapes-suggest-3595441/

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/nixons-vietnam-treachery.html

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/31/opinion/sunday/haldeman-notes.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21768668

https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v07/ch5

http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2015/08/09/dont_blame_nixon_for_scuttled_peace_overture_127667.html

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/bundy.htm

https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/toc.htm

Reinhardt, G. Frederick,

Ambassador to Vietnam, April 1955–February 1957; Counselor of the Department of State from March 1957

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._Frederick_Reinhardt

https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/library/oral-histories/reinhard#transcript

https://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/24/archives/g-frederick-reinhardt-dead-ambassador-to-italy-196168-eisenhower-s.html

List of Persons

https://www.history-matters.com/archive/vietnam/frus_61-63_4/pdf/FRUS_61-63_v4_Persons.pdf

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1955-57v01/persons

https://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1958v16/reference/frus.frus1958v16.i0007.pdf

T T NGÔ ĐÌNH DIỆM Phần 1 (Cuốn DVD đầu tiên về TT Ngô Đình Diệm)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbIRZrcFZ2E

T T NGÔ ĐÌNH DIỆM Phần 2 - (Cuốn DVD đầu tiên về TT Ngô Đình Diệm)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IzazKMcuG0

List of presidents of the United States

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States

Eisenhower Administration

https://millercenter.org/president/eisenhower/dwight-d-eisenhower-administration

Lesson in Vietnam from Kissinger to Nixon:… “when we made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not help them fight it.”

Lesson of Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger

https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf

https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html

List of Participants in the Geneva Conference on Indochina

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/ch5subch4

The Geneva Conference on Indochina May 8–July 21, 1954

[Page [396]] [Page 397]

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/comp2

Geneva Agreements 20-21 July 1954

https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf

March 10 1956 Election in South Vietnam

Election processes in South Vietnam

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP79T00826A000400010040-7.pdf

Vietnam’s Un-held 1956 Reunification Elections

https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/020691c4-6762-44f0-903b-390c67a04188/content

PRETENSE TO DEMOCRACY: THE U.S. ROLE IN THE SUBVERSION OF THE VIETNAMESE ELECTION OF 1956

https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2761&context=theses

Van Ban Hiep Dinh Paris 27011973

http://suthat-toiac.blogspot.com/2008/07/hip-nh-paris-2711973-vn-bn.html

Agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Viet-Nam.

Signed at Paris on 27 January 1973

https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/volume-935-I-13295-English.pdf

https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/v935.pdf

***

NLF=National Liberation Front=Mặt Trận Dân Tộc Giải Phóng,

PRG=Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam = Chính phủ Cách mạng Lâm thời Việt Nam,

DRVN= Democratic Republic of North Vietnam=Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa=cộng sản Bắc Việt.

DRV (also DRVN), Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam

NLF, National Liberation Front, Communist front organization in South Vietnam acting as political government of the insurgency; later renamed Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam

NVA, North Vietnamese Army, term used by the United States for the People’s Army of (North) Vietnam

PAVN, People’s Army of (North) Vietnam

PLAF, People’s Liberation Armed Forces, Communist forces in South Vietnam, synonymous with Viet Cong

PRG, Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam, political wing of the South Vietnamese Communist movement, replaced the National Liberation Front (NLF), but the terms are often used interchangeably

Paris Peace Talks, a loosely defined term that, depending on context, could mean the secret meetings between Henry Kissinger for the United States and Le Duc Tho for the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam or the 174 meetings of the public talks held from 1968 to 1973 between the United States and the Republic of (South) Vietnam on one side and the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam on the other; the latter were also known as Plenary or Avénue Kléber talks

Rue Darthé, 11 Rue Darthé, the address of one of the residences of the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam in the Paris suburb of Choisy-le-Roi used as a venue for the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations.

Avenue Kléber (also Ave. Kléber or Kléber), address of the International Conference Center at the Hotel Majestic in Paris, the site of the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; see also Paris Peace Talks

SALT, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Seven Points, peace plan presented by Kissinger on May 31, 1971, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho; peace plan presented by the NLF Delegation in July 1971 at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks

Nine Points, peace plan presented by Xuan Thuy on June 26, 1971

Ten Points, peace plan presented by NLF delegate Madame Binh on May 8, 1969, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; peace plan presented by Le Duc Tho on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Kissinger; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 14, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho

Two-Point Elaboration, elaboration of the Ten Point peace plan presented by the DRV Delegation on February 2, 1972, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks

Twelve Points, peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho

strategic hamlets, a South Vietnamese Government program to counter Viet Cong control in the countryside. The government relocated farmers into fortified hamlets to provide defense, economic aid, and political assistance to residents. The hope was that protection from Viet Cong raids and taxation would bind the rural populace to the government and gain their loyalty. The program started in 1962, but was fatally undermined by over expansion and poor execution. By 1964 it had clearly failed.

GVN, Government of (South) Vietnam

RVN, Republic of (South) Vietnam

RVNAF, Republic of (South) Vietnam Armed Forces

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v42/terms

***