20240629 CDTL JFK Era McNamara disinf D165
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/sources
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/terms
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/persons
Foreign Relations of the United
States, 1961–1963, Volume IV, Vietnam, August–December 1963
165. Telegram From the Department of
State to the Mission at the United Nations1
Washington, October
1, 1963—8:37 p.m.
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d165
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/pg_333
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/pg_334
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d165#fnref:1.7.4.6.12.264.8.5
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d168
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d165#fnref:1.7.4.6.12.264.12.5
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d165#fnref:1.7.4.6.12.264.12.21
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v04/d165#fnref:1.7.4.6.12.264.18.8
Thân
thế (các) nhân vật.
Ball,
George W.,
Under
Secretary of State
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/ball-george-wildman
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/under-secretary
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/chiefsofmission/representative-to-un
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Ball_(diplomat)
https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/george-wildman-ball
https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/people/ball-george-w
Buu Hoi,
Vietnamese
Ambassador to the United States
Cleveland J
Harlan,
Assistant
Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs until September 1965
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan_Cleveland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Permanent_Representative_to_NATO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_International_Organization_Affairs
https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/po/12142.htm
https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/hcpp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_International_Organization_Affairs
President
of the Council of Ministers of the State of Vietnam to October 1955; thereafter
President and Chief of State of the Republic of Vietnam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngo_Dinh_Diem
https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/diem-coup
https://www.jfklibrary.org/search?f[0]=subject:Vietnam%20War,%201961-1975
The Diem Coup audio
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/sets/the-diem-coup
February 1, 1966: President Johnson remembers Diem coup
(admitted) to Eugene McCarthy
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/february-1-1966-president
November 4, 1963: President Kennedy on the Diem coup
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/november-4-1963-president-kennedy-on-the-diem-coup
Toàn
văn phát biểu của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm trước lưỡng viện Quốc Hội Hoa Kỳ năm
1957
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKqHv23Cq3k
NHỚ
LẠI NHỮNG NGÀY Ở CẠNH TỔNG THỐNG NGÔ ĐÌNH DIỆM (Full) - Tài Nguyễn Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWTTgB7oE6U&t=6927
Một
phụ nữ miền Bắc viết về cố TT Ngô Đình Diệm.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMEkUQRp01o
"The
Death of Diem and Nhu"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8O1HOTXS8A
"The Coup in
Saigon"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4IaJYiNanc
"Everybody'll
Say We Did It"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jaai1NdZ70k
"We Have Plans for Withdrawal"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BABdRu7FY0
"The Road to
Disaster"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dr5dRFVV-ok
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChty22qJfdeAd8dAee9Mo7g/featured
“The President Is Dead”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lD-akTUBFWs
“That Wasn't What Killed Kennedy”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAF0JGttS3E
Kennedy and Vietnam: The great what-if
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XLhqXt2pww
JFK,
LBJ and the Paradox of Vietnam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYRsahM-GqQ&t=2054
BÀI
305: NHÌN LẠI LỊCH SỬ: ĐỆ NHẤT CỘNG HÒA
http://www.bacaytruc.com/index.php/16996-bai-305-nhin-l-i-l-ch-s-d-nh-t-c-ng-hoa-tac-gi-vu-linh-ddtc
BÀI
306: NHÌN LẠI LỊCH SỬ: ĐỆ NHỊ CỘNG HÒA
https://diendantraichieu.blogspot.com/2023/11/bai-306-nhin-lai-lich-su-e-nhi-cong-hoa.html
BÀI
307: NHÌN LẠI LỊCH SỬ: VAI TRÒ CỦA MỸ
http://www.bacaytruc.com/index.php/17092-bai-307-nhin-l-i-l-ch-s-vai-tro-c-a-m-tac-gi-vu-linh-ddtc
Meetings:
Tape 109. Meeting on Vietnam, 10 September 1963
https://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Ngo_Dinh_Diem/Related_Articles
JFK and the Diem Coup
https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/
Evidence on the Diem
Coup in South Vietnam 1963
https://www.tokyoprogressive.org/evidence-on-the-diem-coup-in-south-vietnam-1963/
***Tài liệu liên quan tới Diệm Coup***
Hồi Ký Miền Nam | ĐÊM PHAN THIẾT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skRKrMGtVKY&t=1771
NHỮNG CÁI CHẾT TRONG CÁCH MẠNG 1-11-1963
(Chương 1: MỘT HÌNH THỨC THỦ TIÊU ĐẠI TÁ LÊ QUANG
TUNG)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hatVAqrKXEc&t=350s
(Chương 2: TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẠI TÁ HỒ TẤN QUYỀN)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sh7_jRigXOs&t=4s
(Chương 3: TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẠI TÁ HỒ TẤN QUYỀN - TIẾP THEO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dJfhEF2s9k
(Chương 4: TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẠI TÁ HỒ TẤN QUYỀN - TIẾP THEO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjjZh9n3D9M
(Chương 5: ANH HÙNG CÁCH MẠNG ĐẠI ÚY BÙI NGƯƠN NGÃI)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXMXbZFpuoc
(Chương 6: ANH HÙNG ĐẠI ÚY BÙI NGƯƠN NGÃI - TIẾP THEO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_l6apMRxaI
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 1 / Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE8V8aNWQeQ&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 2/ Diễn Đọc Thiên Hoàng
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeLV-qHmkk4&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=2
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 3 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzK8Y9WsHwU&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=3
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 4 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KDVIxZHTW8&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=4
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 5 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w3pbbRs4oj8&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=5
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 6 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HTX1X8K23k&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=6
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 7 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXx6Yt_Owbk&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=7
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 8 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QG31Lx3TYyk&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=8
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 9 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTkYYSwf71g&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=9
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 10 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KfJfRjN5eI&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=10
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 11 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARwaHPp9PvE&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=11
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 12 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sOFJ12hn9Y&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=12
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 13 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzE03QRMhW4&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=13
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 14 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k37rJZNIbMs&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=14
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 15 / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnSocp2Fdrs&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=15
Nhật Ký Đỗ Thọ Người Tùy
Viên Của Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm Phần 16 kết thúc / Thiên Hoàng Diễn Đọc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ko7ORvDAAFQ&list=PLGkmQGfzDWEbWhEdSTORZRQXHYq6Rv9dT&index=16
Duong Van (“Big”) Minh,
Major General, (after November 4, 1963,
Lieutenant General), ARVN, Military Adviser to President Diem until November 1,
1963; thereafter Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Revolutionary
Council; President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Vietnam
after November 4, 1963
“South Vietnamese
Communists Sought Negotiated End
After the fall of
Hue, that was discarded as unnecessary. Then the second possibility was
considered, to insist on replacing Mr. Thieu with a personality of the “third force” who had been in
contact with the Provincial Revolutionary Government, such as Gen. Duong Van Minh, and negotiating a government with
him.
https://www.nytimes.com/1975/06/12/archives/south-vietnamese-communists-sought-negotiated-end.html”
Chou En lai Kissinger July 9 1971 MemCon D139
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d139
PM Chou: We don’t believe in the elections in
South Vietnam. It is a different situation, There are August elections and
October elections and you help Thieu. Have you discussed this
situation with Mr. Minh?
Dr. Kissinger: Yes, on this trip.
PM Chou: They want you to get rid of the
government.
Dr. Kissinger: They can’t ask us both to withdraw
and get rid of the government of Vietnam. To do both of these is impossible.
PM Chou: We have not exchanged views at this
point. We have always thought on this matter that we cannot interfere in these
affairs. If you withdraw and they want to continue the civil war, none of us
should interfere. The situation has been created over a long time.
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v17/d139
Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and
Research until April 25, 1963; thereafter Assistant Secretary of State for Far
Eastern Affairs
https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hilsman-roger
https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Roger_Hilsman
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/hilsman-roger-jr
https://www.geni.com/people/Roger-Hilsman-Jr/6000000025930163540
https://history.state.gov/search?q=Hilsman%2C+Roger%2C+Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Hilsman
Kattenburg,
Paul M.,
Intelligence
Research Specialist in the Division of Research for Far East of the Office of
Intelligence Research, Department of State, to June 1955; detailed to Saigon,
June–September 1955; Officer in Charge of Vietnam Affairs, November
1955–December 1956; thereafter Second Secretary of the Embassy in the
Philippines
https://archives.library.sc.edu/repositories/6/resources/168
https://archives.library.sc.edu/subjects/2292
Nguyen
Dinh Thuan,
Vietnamese
Secretary of State at the Presidency and Assistant Secretary of State for
National Defense
Ngo
Dinh Nhu,
brother
of President Diem; Presidential Counselor and Head of the Interministerial
Committee for Strategic Hamlets until November 1, 1963
Rusk,
Dean,
Secretary
of State.
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/rusk-david-dean
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Rusk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs
https://millercenter.org/president/kennedy/essays/rusk-1961-secretary-of-state
https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rusk-dean
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_International_Organization_Affairs
Kennedy,
John F.,
President
of the United States until November 22, 1963
How much did the US government know about the November 1, 1963,
assassination of South Vietnamese president Ngo Dinh Diem?
JFK and the Diem Coup
https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/
Evidence on the Diem
Coup in South Vietnam 1963
https://www.tokyoprogressive.org/evidence-on-the-diem-coup-in-south-vietnam-1963/
https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/diem-coup
https://millercenter.org/kennedy-commitment
https://soundcloud.com/the-miller-center-at-uva/february-1-1966-president
https://player.vimeo.com/video/233989068
https://player.vimeo.com/video/233892163
https://www.lovethetruth.com/books/13_bloodlines/kennedy.htm
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/esp_sociopol_brotherhoodsecretsocieties.htm#Books_-_Treaties
Johnson, Lyndon B., (Lyndon Baines Johnson)
Vice President until November 22, 1963;
thereafter President
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson
https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/lyndon-b-johnson-jewish/
https://www.biography.com/political-figures/lyndon-b-johnson
https://masonrytoday.com/index.php?new_month=1&new_day=22&new_year=2019
https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/gulf-of-tonkin-incident/
https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1busNe.img?w=800&h=415&q=60&m=2&f=jpg
https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/maddox.jpg
https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/north-vietnam/
https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/lyndon-johnson/
https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/gulf-of-tonkin-resolution-1964/
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v03/d33
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Majority_Leader
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Minority_Leader
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Majority_Whip
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives
https://www.lbjlibrary.org/life-and-legacy/the-man-himself/lbjs-ancestors
https://gw.geneanet.org/tdowling?lang=en&n=johnson&p=lyndon+baines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson
GULF OF TONKIN RECORDINGS
https://millercenter.org/gulf-tonkin-recordings
List of
presidents of the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States
Eisenhower Administration
https://millercenter.org/president/eisenhower/dwight-d-eisenhower-administration
Lesson in Vietnam from
Kissinger to Nixon:… “when we made it “our war” we would not let
the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again became “their war”, we would not
help them fight it.”
(We
also had trouble with excesses here: when we
made it “our war” we would not let the South Vietnamese fight it; when it again
became “their war,” we would not help them fight it. Ironically, we
prepared the South Vietnamese for main force warfare after 1954 (anticipating another Korean-type attack), and they faced a political war; they had prepared
themselves for political warfare after 1973 only to be faced with a main force
invasion 20 years after it had been expected.)
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v10/d280
Lesson of
Vietnam May 12 1975 by Henry A. Kissinger
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/exhibits/vietnam/032400091-002.pdf
https://thebattleofkontum.com/extras/kissinger.html
List of Participants in the Geneva
Conference on Indochina
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/ch5subch4
The Geneva Conference on Indochina May
8–July 21, 1954
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v16/comp2
Geneva
Agreements 20-21 July 1954
https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf
March 10
1956 Election in South Vietnam
Election processes in
South Vietnam
https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP79T00826A000400010040-7.pdf
Vietnam’s
Un-held 1956 Reunification Elections
https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/020691c4-6762-44f0-903b-390c67a04188/content
PRETENSE
TO DEMOCRACY: THE U.S. ROLE IN THE SUBVERSION OF THE VIETNAMESE ELECTION OF
1956
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2761&context=theses
Van Ban
Hiep Dinh Paris 27011973
http://suthat-toiac.blogspot.com/2008/07/hip-nh-paris-2711973-vn-bn.html
Agreement
on ending the war and restoring peace in Viet-Nam.
Signed at
Paris on 27 January 1973
https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/volume-935-I-13295-English.pdf
https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20935/v935.pdf
***
NLF=National Liberation Front=Mặt Trận Dân Tộc Giải Phóng,
PRG=Provisional
Revolutionary Government of Vietnam = Chính phủ Cách mạng Lâm thời Việt Nam,
DRVN= Democratic Republic of North Vietnam=Việt
Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa=cộng sản Bắc Việt.
DRV (also DRVN), Democratic
Republic of (North) Vietnam
NLF, National
Liberation Front, Communist front organization in South Vietnam acting as
political government of the insurgency; later renamed Provisional Revolutionary
Government of Vietnam
NVA, North
Vietnamese Army, term used by the United States for the People’s Army of
(North) Vietnam
PAVN, People’s
Army of (North) Vietnam
PLAF, People’s
Liberation Armed Forces, Communist forces in South Vietnam, synonymous with
Viet Cong
PRG, Provisional
Revolutionary Government of Vietnam, political wing of the South Vietnamese
Communist movement, replaced the National Liberation Front (NLF), but the terms
are often used interchangeably
Paris Peace Talks, a
loosely defined term that, depending on context, could mean the secret meetings
between Henry Kissinger for the United States and Le Duc Tho for the Democratic
Republic of (North) Vietnam or the 174 meetings of the public talks held from
1968 to 1973 between the United States and the Republic of (South) Vietnam on
one side and the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam and the Provisional
Revolutionary Government of Vietnam on the other; the latter were also known as
Plenary or Avénue Kléber talks
Rue
Darthé, 11 Rue Darthé, the address of one of the residences
of the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam in the Paris suburb of
Choisy-le-Roi used as a venue for the Kissinger-Le Duc Tho negotiations.
Avenue
Kléber (also Ave. Kléber or Kléber), address
of the International Conference Center at the Hotel Majestic in Paris, the site
of the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks; see also Paris
Peace Talks
SALT, Strategic
Arms Limitation Talks
Seven Points, peace
plan presented by Kissinger on May 31, 1971, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho;
peace plan presented by the NLF Delegation in July 1971 at the (plenary) Paris
Peace Talks
Nine
Points, peace plan presented by Xuan
Thuy on June 26, 1971
Ten Points, peace
plan presented by NLF delegate Madame Binh on May 8, 1969, at the (plenary)
Paris Peace Talks; peace plan presented by Le Duc Tho on August 1, 1972, at his
meeting with Kissinger; peace plan presented by Kissinger on August 14, 1972,
at his meeting with Le Duc Tho
Two-Point Elaboration, elaboration
of the Ten Point peace plan presented by the DRV Delegation on February 2,
1972, at the (plenary) Paris Peace Talks
Twelve Points, peace
plan presented by Kissinger on August 1, 1972, at his meeting with Le Duc Tho
strategic hamlets, a
South Vietnamese Government program to counter Viet Cong control in the
countryside. The government relocated farmers into fortified hamlets to provide
defense, economic aid, and political assistance to residents. The hope was that
protection from Viet Cong raids and taxation would bind the rural populace to
the government and gain their loyalty. The program started in 1962, but was
fatally undermined by over expansion and poor execution. By 1964 it had clearly
failed.
GVN, Government of (South) Vietnam
RVN, Republic
of (South) Vietnam
RVNAF, Republic
of (South) Vietnam Armed Forces
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus19676v42/terms
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